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重度歯周炎における超音波歯肉縁下剥離術とマニュアルルートプレーニングの併用による臨床的成果
[Clinical outcomes of ultrasonic subgingival debridement combined with manual root planing in severe periodontitis].
PMID: 32071465
抄録
目的:
重度歯周炎に対する超音波歯根膜下除了術と超音波歯根膜下除了術+マニュアルルートプレーニングの臨床効果を比較し、マニュアルルートプレーニングの必要性と意義について検討すること。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of ultrasonic subgingival debridement and ultrasonic subgingival debridement combined with manual root planing on severe periodontitis and then to investigate the necessity and significance of manual root planing.
方法:
重症歯周炎患者 23 名を対象とした分割口径無作為化比較臨床試験を行った。上下顎それぞれ1象限を超音波歯肉縁下剥離術と手動式ルートプレーニングを併用した試験群、残りの2象限を超音波歯肉縁下剥離術を併用した対照群とし、歯肉縁上スケーリング後にベースライン検査と無作為割付を実施した。治療は1週間間隔で行い,2回の来院で終了した.治療前と治療後1ヶ月、3ヶ月、6ヶ月の時点で、プロービングデプス(PD)、臨床的付着力喪失(CAL)、出血指数(BI)に関する臨床指標を記録した。
METHODS: Twenty-three patients with severe periodontitis participated in this split-mouth randomized-controlled clinical trial. Baseline examination and randomization were performed after supragingival scaling: each of the upper and lower jaws had a quadrant as the test group treated with ultrasonic subgingival debridement combined with manual root planing, whereas the other two quadrants were the control group treated with ultrasonic subgingival debridement. Treatment of each patient was at intervals of one week and completed in two visits. Clinical indicators concerning probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and bleeding index (BI) were recorded at baseline and 1 month, 3 months, 6 months after treatment.
結果:
ベースライン時の歯周病指標は、テスト群とコントロール群に有意差はなかった。PD、CAL、BIはテスト群、コントロール群ともに有意に改善した。治療後1ヶ月および3ヶ月では,テスト群のPDの減少がコントロール群より大きかった[1ヶ月:2.13±1.31,3ヶ月:2.13±1.31].(2.13±1.31) mm vs. (1.79±1.33) mm, P<0.01; 3ヶ月: (2.46±1.33) mm vs. (2.17±1.38) mm, P<0.01] 、CALの減少はコントロールグループより高かった [1 ヶ月]:(1.89±2.03) mm vs. (1.65±1.93) mm, P<0.01; 3ヶ月: (2.03±2.05) mm vs. (1.83±1.97) mm, P<0.05)] また,試験群では対照群に比べCALの減少が大きかった.治療後6ヶ月のPDは、試験群が(2.52±1.40)mm、対照群が(2.35±1.37)mm減少し、試験群の改善度は対照群より有意に良好だった(P<0.01)。CALは試験群では(1.89±2.14)mm,対照群では(1.77±2.00)mm減少し,群間統計的な差はなかった.BIの変化については,治療後1,3,6ヶ月で両群間に有意差は認められなかった.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference of periodontal indicators between the test group and the control group at baseline. Both the test group and control group resulted in significant improvement of PD, CAL and BI. One and three months after treatment, reduction of PD in the test group was higher than that in the control group [1 month: (2.13±1.31) mm vs. (1.79±1.33) mm, P<0.01; 3 months: (2.46±1.33) mm vs. (2.17±1.38) mm, P<0.01] and reduction of CAL in the test group was higher than that in the control group [1 month: (1.89±2.03) mm vs. (1.65±1.93) mm, P<0.01; 3 months: (2.03±2.05) mm vs. (1.83±1.97) mm, P<0.05]. Six months after treatment, PD in the test group and the control group decreased by (2.52±1.40) mm and (2.35±1.37) mm respectively, and the improvement in the test group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.01). CAL in the test group and the control group decreased by (1.89±2.14) mm and (1.77±2.00) mm respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the groups. There was no significant difference in the changes of BI between the two groups 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment.
結論:
超音波歯根膜下脱脂と手動ルートプレーニングの併用は,超音波歯根膜下脱脂と比較してPDとCALをより減少させることができる.したがって,超音波歯根膜下脱脂術後のルートプレーニングには,やはり手動の器具を用いる必要がある.
CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic subgingival debridement combined with manual root planing has more reduction in PD and CAL compared with ultrasonic subgingival debridement. Therefore, it is still necessary to use manual instruments for root planing following ultrasonic subgingival debridement.