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左側ピン音を認めた乳牛の臨床管理における超音波検査の診断性能
Diagnostic performance of ultrasonography in clinical management of dairy cattle identified with left-sided ping sounds.
PMID: 32607362 PMCID: PMC7320807. DOI: 10.5455/javar.2020.g422.
抄録
目的:
左乳房脱臼(LDA)は、多産の乳牛によく見られる分娩後の状態です。LDA の診断は困難であり、これまではこの疾患に特異的ではない所見に基づいてきた。本研究の目的は、左側のピン音が確認された乳牛の臨床管理における超音波検査(USG)の診断能 力を調べることでした。
Objectives: Left displaced abomasum (LDA) is a common postparturient condition of high yielding dairy cattle. The diagnosis of LDA is challenging and has historically been based on findings that are not specific to the condition. The objective of the current study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography (USG) in the clinical management of dairy cows identified with left-sided ping sound .
材料と方法:
食欲が低下し、腹部聴診で左側のピン音が聴取可能な乳牛を対象とした。臨床所見と腹部 USG の結果は、乳中 β-ヒドロキシ酪酸値、アボマソ/乳腺穿刺検体の pH 値、開腹手術の所見とともに記録された。USGおよび他の臨床検査の診断性能は、ゴールドスタンダード検査として開腹手術を用いて検査感度と特異度を計算することによって評価された。
Materials and methods: Cows with reduced appetite and had audible left-sided ping sounds on abdominal auscultation were eligible to be prospectively recruited onto the study. The results of clinical findings and abdominal USG were recorded along with milk β-hydroxybutyrate levels, pH levels of abomaso/rumenocentesis samples, and findings on exploratory laparotomy. The diagnostic performance of USG and other clinical investigations was assessed by calculating the test sensitivity and specificity using exploratory laparotomy as a gold standard test.
結果:
23 頭の牛で LDA の確定診断が行われ、腹膜炎と診断されたのは 8 頭、泡状鼓膜を呈したのは 4 頭であった。LDA と診断されたすべての牛に、LDA と一致する USG 所見が探傷的開腹手術で認められた。しかし、過去3年間のLDAの肋間空間の特徴であるUSG所見は、その後に腹膜炎と診断された5頭と、探索的開腹術で泡状鼓膜と診断された全頭にも認められた。腹腔鏡・乳腺鏡検査のpHは、単一の検査としては最も高い診断精度(97.14%)を示した。
Results: A definitive diagnosis of LDA was made in 23 cows, 8 cows were diagnosed with peritonitis, and 4 cows with frothy tympany. The USG findings that were consistent with LDA were present in all cattle diagnosed with LDA at exploratory laparotomy. The USG findings over the past three intercostal space characteristics of LDA, however, were also present in five cases subsequently diagnosed with peritonitis and in all cases diagnosed with frothy tympany on exploratory laparotomy. The pH of abdomaso/rumenocentesis samples yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy (97.14%) as a single test in the current study.
結論:
左腹壁上のUSGはLDA診断のための高感度検査であるにもかかわらず、特異度が低いため診断ツールとしての限界がある。
Conclusions: USG over the left abdominal wall despite being a highly sensitive test for the diagnosis of LDA has limitations as a diagnostic tool due to suboptimal specificity.
Copyright: © Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research.