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熱処理によるCuS対極の結晶構造及び化学量論の開発と量子ドット増感太陽電池の性能への影響を明らかにした
Heat-treatment-induced development of the crystalline structure and chemical stoichiometry of a CuS counter electrode, and the influence on performance of quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells.
PMID: 32673857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.003.
抄録
近年、量子ドット増感太陽電池（QDSSC）の優れた対極材料として、CuSの様々な相（1≦x≦2）が広く研究されています。ここでは、多孔質Ti基板上に化学浴法によりナノ構造を有する六方晶コベライトCuS(HC-CuS)を成長させた後、N雰囲気下で150〜450℃の温度範囲で熱処理を行った。熱処理温度の変化に伴う反応過程とCuSの形態,組成,結晶構造の変化をXRD,SEM,EDX,TEM,XPSで調べた。CuS CEを用いたTiO/CdS/CdSe QDSSCsの光電変換特性は、CuSの元素量論と結晶構造に明らかな依存性を示した。HC-CuSをCEとして230℃で熱処理したQDSSCsは、1回の太陽光照射(100mWcm, AM1.5G)で3.88%の電力変換効率を達成し、他の組成のものと比較して高い値を示した。電気化学インピーダンス分光法、タフェル分極法及びサイクリックボルタンメトリー測定の結果、HC-CuS CEの電極触媒活性は他のCuS CEよりもはるかに高く、短絡電流密度、開回路電圧及び充填率が向上した結果を裏付けていた。
Recently, various phases of CuS (1 ≤ x ≤ 2) were extensively explored as superb counter electrode (CE) materials for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). Herein, hexagonal covellite CuS (HC-CuS) with hierarchical nanostructure was grown on porous Ti substrates by chemical bath deposition, and then heat treated in the temperature range of 150-450 °C under N atmosphere. The reaction process and the evolution of morphology, composition and crystalline structure of CuS with the variation of heat treatment temperature were studied by XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and XPS. The photovoltaic properties of TiO/CdS/CdSe QDSSCs based on CuS CEs showed an obvious dependence on the element stoichiometry and crystalline structure of the CuS. With HC-CuS heat-treated at 230 °C as CEs, QDSSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency of 3.88% under one sun illumination (100 mW cm, AM 1.5 G), which was higher than the counterparts with other compositions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel polarization and cyclic voltammetry measurement showed that the electrocatalytic activity of HC-CuS CE was much higher than that of other CuS CEs, which supported the results of the enhanced short-circuit current density, open circuit voltage and filling factor.
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