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台湾におけるCOVID-19発生時の不安症状と予防措置
Anxiety symptoms and preventive measures during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan.
PMID: 32677926 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02786-8.
抄録
背景:
不安症状と行動反応は流行開始時に激しくなるという仮説が立てられている。本研究の目的は、COVID-19に対する不安症状と予防対策の利用について調査することであった。また、研究の直前の1週間における予防措置と不安症状との関連性と、流行開始時の予防措置と不安症状との関連性を比較した。
BACKGROUND: It is hypothesized that anxiety and behavioral responses are intense at the beginning of an epidemic. The objective of this study was to investigate anxiety symptoms and use of preventive measures against COVID-19. The study also compared the association between preventive measures and anxiety symptoms during the week immediately preceding the study and those symptoms and measures at the beginning of the outbreak.
方法:
オンライン質問紙を用いた横断的集団調査を2020年2月14日に開始した。調査参加者は20歳から70歳までの台湾在住者であった。不安症状の評価には、6項目からなるState-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI-6)を用いた。予防措置に関する質問では、参加者に個人的な保護、咳エチケット、接触予防、自主的な検疫、迅速な報告について質問した。多変量ロジスティック回帰を用いて、予防措置スコアの増加に影響を与える要因を決定した。
METHODS: A cross-sectional population survey using an online questionnaire commenced on 14 February 2020. The study participants were residents of Taiwan ages 20 to 70 years. The 6-item state version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. The questions about preventive measures asked participants about their personal protection, cough etiquette, contact precautions, voluntary quarantine, and prompt reporting. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the factors influencing an increase in the preventive measures scores.
結果:
回答総数3555名のうち,過去1週間の不安症状のレベルが中等度から重度であったと回答したのは52.1%(95%信頼区間[CI]50.4~53.7),発生当初の不安症状のレベルが中等度から重度であったと回答したのは48.8%(95%CI 47.2~50.5)であった.不安の程度が高いほど不安が大きいことを示しており,過去1週間の不安症状の得点中央値は46.7点(IQR [四分位間範囲] 36.7~53.3),発生当初の不安症状の得点中央値は43.3点(IQR 36.7~53.3)であった.また,過去1週間および発生当初に行った予防措置の得点中央値は,36点満点中,それぞれ26.0点(IQR 21.0~30.0)および24.0点(IQR 19.0~28.0)であった。多変量解析では,不安症状スコアの増加(調整後OR=7.38,95%CI 6.28-8.66)は,発生当初と比較して過去1週間の予防措置スコアの増加の強い有意な決定因子であった.
RESULTS: Of a total of 3555 completed responses, a total of 52.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50.4-53.7) of the respondents reported moderate to severe levels of anxiety symptoms in the past week, whereas 48.8% (95%CI 47.2-50.5) reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms at the beginning of the outbreak. With a higher score indicating greater anxiety, the median scores for anxiety symptoms in the past week and at the beginning of the outbreak were 46.7 (IQR [interquartile range] 36.7-53.3) and 43.3 (IQR 36.7-53.3), respectively. The median scores for the preventive measures taken in the past week and at the beginning of the outbreak were 26.0 (IQR 21.0-30.0) and 24.0 (IQR 19.0-28.0), respectively, out of a maximum score of 36. In the multivariable analysis, an increased anxiety symptom score from the beginning of the outbreak to the past week (adjusted OR = 7.38, 95%CI 6.28-8.66) was a strongly significant determinant of an increased preventive measures score in the past week compared with the score at the beginning of the outbreak.
結論:
不安と予防対策のスコアは高く,流行率に応じて増加した.不安の高さはCOVID-19に対する予防対策の使用率の増加と関連していた。
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and preventive measures scores were high and increased with the epidemic rate. Higher anxiety was associated with an increased use of preventive measures against COVID-19.