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う蝕治療時の歯科恐怖症予防のための無作為化比較試験研究
Randomized controlled trial study for preventing dental fear during caries treatments.
PMID: 12425844
抄録
目的:
う蝕治療時の歯科恐怖症(DF)予防について、術前教育または局所麻酔法による臨床効果を検討すること。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical effects of preventing dental fear (DF) by pre-operation-education or local anesthesia method during the process of tooth filling.
方法:
本研究には、7歳から12歳の小学生150名が参加した。全員が下顎第一永久臼歯の咬合う蝕に罹患していた。男児25名、女児25名の計50名を3群に分けた。第1群(術前教育):約1時間かけて、う蝕に関する科学・教育ビデオテープを見せ、その後、機械や器具を含む診療環境を説明し、質問に答えた。第2群(局所麻酔):治療の約15分前に、局所麻酔用の2%リドカイン1.8mlを注射した。第3群(ブランク):DFの測定は行わなかった。その後、すべての被験者が通常と同じ充填治療を受けた。各症例のDFは、venhamによる不安と協調性の臨床的評価に基づいて、3人の評価者が盲検下で評価した。
METHODS: 150 school children, aged 7 to 12, participated present study. All of them suffered from occlusal caries on their mandibular first permanent molars. They were divided into 3 equal groups, and each had 50, 25 boys and 25 girls. Group1 (pre-operation-education): taking about 1 hour to show them science and educational video tape on caries, then, clinic environment, including machine and instruments, and answering their questions; Group2 (local anesthesia): about 15 minutes before treatment, injecting 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine for local anesthesia; Group3 (blank): without any measurements for DF. After that, all subjects accepted same filling treatment as usual. DF of each case was evaluated by 3 evaluators blindly based on venham's clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperative.
結果:
群間に有意差が認められ(0.57±0.59、0.83±0.66、1.05±0.68、H = 18.646、P = 0.0001)、DF率にも有意差が認められた(10%、18%、42%、χ(2) = 15.5031、P = 0.0004)。しかし、第1群と第2群の間には差がなかった。
RESULTS: Significant difference was found between groups (0.57 +/- 0.59, 0.83 +/- 0.66, 1.05 +/- 0.68, H = 18.646, P = 0.0001), also in DF rate (10%, 18% and 42%, chi(2) = 15.5031, P = 0.0004). But not between groups 1 and 2.
結論:
むし歯の充填治療において、局所麻酔法よりも術前教育法の方がDF予防に有効である。
CONCLUSION: During decayed tooth filling treatment, pre-operation-education is better than that of local anesthesia method, in DF prevention.