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歯科用コンポジットの収縮応力発生・緩和の解明に向けて
Towards the elucidation of shrinkage stress development and relaxation in dental composites.
PMID: 15501327
抄録
目的:
流動による収縮応力の部分的緩和を目的とした光重合技術は種々提案・検討されているが,応力緩和挙動の直接観察にはあまり関心が持たれていない。そこで本研究では,応力緩和挙動の解明と応力発現全体への影響について検討した。
OBJECTIVE: Although various photo-curing techniques aiming to partially relieve the shrinkage stress by flow have been proposed and investigated, the direct monitoring and observation of stress relaxation behavior received little attention. In this study, the elucidation of stress relaxation behavior and its impact on the overall stress development were investigated.
方法:
収縮応力と二重結合変換を同一試料でリアルタイムに同時測定できる新しい実験装置を使用した。バリウムガラスを充填したBis-GMA/TEGDMAコンポジットの試料について、照射中および照射後の収縮応力と転化率を様々な間隔(2、3、6、10および60秒)で連続的にモニターした。
METHODS: A novel experimental set-up capable of real-time, simultaneous shrinkage stress and double bond conversion measurements on the same sample was utilized. The coupled shrinkage stress and conversion for specimens of a barium glass filled Bis-GMA/TEGDMA composite were continuously monitored during and after irradiation for various intervals (2, 3, 6, 10 and 60s).
結果:
60秒照射した試料が最も高い転化率(67.9+/-1.2%)と収縮応力(2.9+/-0.1 MPa)に到達した。収縮応力緩和現象はガラス化前にのみ観察され,それは2秒または3秒の部分硬化した試験片にのみ適用された.しかし,これを達成するためには,臨床的に実用的な時間スケールと比較して,硬化後の応力緩和時間を大幅に長くする必要がある.6秒、10秒、60秒の照射では、収縮応力の大部分はガラス化段階とその後に発生し、顕著な応力緩和は観察されない。
RESULTS: Specimens irradiated for 60s reached the highest conversion (67.9+/-1.2%) and shrinkage stress (2.9+/-0.1 MPa). Shrinkage stress relaxation phenomena were only observed prior to vitrification, which only applied to specimens partially cured for 2 or 3 s; specimens irradiated for 2 s exhibit the largest capability to relieve stress (approximately 40%). However, to achieve this a much longer post-cure stress relaxation time is required as compared to clinically practical time scales. For specimens irradiated for 6, 10 or 60 s, the majority of the shrinkage stress is developed during and after the vitrification stage, and no appreciable stress relaxation can be observed.
意義:
ガラス化段階前の応力緩和は観察されているが、臨床的に適切な変換を達成するためには、収縮応力の大部分がガラス化段階以降に発生し、この研究で使用した時間スケールでの応力緩和ができないため、全体の収縮応力の低減に対して大きな利益をもたらさないことがこの研究により明らかになった。
SIGNIFICANCE: Although stress relaxation prior to vitrification stage has been observed, this study revealed that it did not provide a significant benefit towards the reduction of overall shrinkage stress since, to achieve clinically relevant conversion, the majority of the shrinkage stress is developed during and after the vitrification stage, which does not permit stress relaxation on the time scales used in this study.