四川省の小都市と農村部における象牙質知覚過敏症の横断的研究

[Cross-sectional study of dentine hypersensitivity in smaller cities and rural area in Sichuan province].

抄録

目的:

四川省の小都市および農村部における象牙質知覚過敏症の臨床的特徴および危険因子を調査すること。

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of dentine hypersensitivity in smaller cities and rural area in Sichuan province.

方法:

20～69歳の被検者を5つの年齢群（20～29歳、30～39歳、40～49歳、50～59歳、60～69歳）に分けて面接調査を行った。本研究では無作為抽出を行った。四川省の4つのコミュニティと農村部の4つのスポットを含む、合計8つのスポットを調査した。被検者の年齢、性別、職業、教育レベル、歯磨き方法、新鮮な果物やフルーツジュースを食べる頻度などの情報を尋ね、記録した。さらに、19～24℃の室温下で、エアコンプレッサーに接続した3連注射器から4気圧の空気を送風し、すべての被験者を診断した。

METHODS: The examinee aged 20 - 69 years old were interviewed and divided into five age groups (20 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59 and 60 - 69). The random sampling methods were performed in this study. A total of eight spots were survied, including 4 communities and 4 spots in rural area of Sichuan province. The information about the examinee's age, gender, occupation, education level, tooth brushing methods, the frequencies of eating fresh fruits and fruit juices and so on, were asked and recorded. All subjects were further diagnosed by a blast of air from a triple syringe connected to an air compressor at a pressure of 4 atm under room temperature of about 19 - 24°C.

結果:

小臼歯が最もよく罹患し、次いで第一大臼歯であった。根面露出部が最もよく罹患する位置であった［63.87％（663/1038）］。象牙質知覚過敏症は第一大臼歯が最も多かった［29.96％（311/1038）］。歯によって知覚過敏の位置が異なっていた。女性、歯ブラシの使用時間が長い、胃液中の塩酸が知覚過敏の危険因子であった（OR値＝2.175、1.157、1.760）。

RESULTS: The premolars were the most commonly affected, followed by the first molar. The exposed root surface was the most commonly affected position [63.87% (663/1038)]. The first premolar had the greatest number of teeth with dentine hypersensitivity [29.96% (311/1038)]. Different tooth had different sensitive position. Female, too much time of using a tooth brush, and hydrochloric acid in gastric juice were risk factors for dentine hypersensitivity (OR value = 2.175, 1.157, 1.760).

結論:

象牙質知覚過敏症は複数の要因に影響される。一般的な口腔衛生および歯周状態を改善することにより、予防および治療を行う必要がある。

CONCLUSIONS: Dentine hypersensitivity is influenced by multiple factors. Prevention and treatment need be performed by improving general oral health and periodontal conditions.