咀嚼率が食事摂取量に及ぼす影響

Effect of chewing rate on meal intake.

• Jarin Paphangkorakit
• Kasama Kanpittaya
• Nattawipa Pawanja
• Waranuch Pitiphat

抄録

早食いは子供と成人の両方で過体重リスクを増加させることが示されている。本研究の目的は、咀嚼率と一口あたりの咀嚼回数の相関関係を調べ、それらが食事摂取量と関連しているかどうかを評価することであった。18～24歳の健康な被験者30名を対象に、テストランチを満腹感を感じるまで習慣的な速度で食べさせた。咀嚼回数と嚥下の瞬間を決定するために、咬筋と上腕骨筋の活動を記録した。食事摂取量の重量を、体格指数（BMI）、咀嚼率、一口あたりの咀嚼回数、食事時間、摂取率、空腹感、および食物嗜好レベルとともに記録した。食事摂取量、咀嚼率、一口あたりの咀嚼回数の平均体重（±SD）は、それぞれ261.4±78.9g、94.4±13.5回/分、19.2±6.4回/口であった。咀嚼率は、一口あたりの咀嚼回数とは相関しなかった。多変量線形回帰により、食事摂取量は咀嚼率、食事時間、BMIと有意に正の相関があるが、一口あたりの咀嚼数とは逆の相関があることが示された（調整R = 0.42）。咀嚼回数は咀嚼率とは関連していないが、食事摂取量は咀嚼回数の減少と咀嚼率の増加の両方によって説明されると結論づけられた。

Fast eating has been shown to increase the risk of overweight in both children and adults. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the correlation between chewing rate and the number of chews per mouthful and to evaluate if they were associated with the weight of meal intake. Thirty healthy subjects, aged 18-24 yr, ate a test lunch at their habitual speed until they felt satiated. The activities of masseter and suprahyoid muscles were recorded to determine the number of chews and the moment of swallowing. The weight of meal intake was recorded along with body mass index (BMI), chewing rate, number of chews per mouthful, meal duration, ingestion rate, hunger, and food preference levels. The mean weight (±SD) of meal intake, chewing rate, and number of chews per mouthful were 261.4 ± 78.9 g, 94.4 ± 13.5 chews min , 19.2 ± 6.4 chews per mouthful, respectively. Chewing rate was not correlated with the number of chews per mouthful. The multivariable linear regression showed that meal intake was significantly positively associated with chewing rate, meal duration, and BMI, but inversely associated with the number of chews per mouthful (adjusted R = 0.42). It was concluded that the number of chews was not associated with chewing rate but meal intake was explained by both reduced number of chews and increased chewing rate.

© 2018 Eur J Oral Sci.