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ニコチン置換は形成外科患者の喫煙に代わる安全な選択肢か?
Is Nicotine Replacement a Safe Alternative to Smoking in Plastic Surgery Patients?
PMID: 30656110 PMCID: PMC6326596. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002017.
抄録
背景:
電子タバコ、ニコチン経皮吸収パッチ、ニコチンチューインガムがタバコの代替品として患者に使用されることがあるが、それらの使用が周術期における喫煙の安全な代替品であるかどうかは不明である。
Background: E-cigarettes, nicotine transdermal patches, and nicotine chewing gum are occasionally used as cigarette replacements by patients, but it is unknown if their use is a safe alternative to smoking in the perioperative period.
方法:
単一の外来手術センターで大手術を受けた全患者を対象に、5年間の手術当日にニコチン代謝物であるコチニンの尿検査を行った。尿検査陰性で禁煙(B群),喫煙継続(C群),尿検査陽性で禁煙(D群)の4群に分けた.群間の合併症の統計的有意性は、右尾カイ二乗検定および点二重相関係数計算を用いて検定した。交絡因子をコントロールするために、各群の年齢とBMIを不等サンプルサイズと分散検定を用いて比較した。
Methods: All patients undergoing major surgery at a single outpatient ambulatory surgery center for a 5-year period were tested for urine cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, the day of surgery. Patients were divided into 4 groups: never smoked (group A), quit smoking with negative urine test (group B), continued to smoke (group C), and quit smoking with positive urine test (group D). Statistical significance of complications among groups was tested using right tailed chi-square test and point biserial correlation coefficient calculations. To control for confounding factors, age and BMI of each group were compared using unequal sample size and variance tests.
結果:
本研究には、470人の患者が含まれていた。各群の患者数は、A群380人、B群48人、C群32人、D群10人であった。合併症の頻度は、D>C>A>Bとなっており、D+C(コチニン陽性)とA+B(コチニン陰性)=0.0001、D(ニコチン置換)とB(ニコチン断薬)=0.00026の間に統計学的に有意な差が認められた。A群とB群、C群とD群の間には統計的な差はありませんでした。
Results: Four hundred seventy patients were included in the study. Patient count in each group was group A n = 380, group B n = 48, group C n = 32, and group D n = 10. Complication frequency was as follows D > C > A > B. Statistically significant differences were observed between D + C (cotinine positive) and A + B (cotinine negative) = 0.0001 and between D (nicotine replacement) and B (nicotine abstinence) = 0.00026. There was neither statistical difference between groups A and B, nor C and D.
結論:
ニコチン置換は喫煙の継続と同様のリスクを伴い、形成外科患者の周術期における禁煙ほど安全ではない。重要なことに、手術のために禁煙した患者は、禁煙したことのない患者と同等の術後合併症のリスクを有していた。
Conclusions: Nicotine replacement carries similar risks as continued smoking and is not as safe as abstinence in the perioperative period in plastic surgery patients. Importantly, patients who stopped smoking for the surgery had equivalent risk for postoperative complications as patients who had never smoked.