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歯周維持療法における歯周炎の再発と関連した累積喫煙曝露と禁煙。6年間の追跡調査
Cumulative smoking exposure and cessation associated with the recurrence of periodontitis in periodontal maintenance therapy: A 6-year follow-up.
PMID: 30801706 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.18-0635.
抄録
背景:
この研究では、歯周維持療法(PMT)を受けている人を 6 年間追跡し、累積喫煙暴露と禁煙期間が歯周炎の再発に及ぼす影響を縦断的に評価した。
BACKGROUND: This study followed individuals in periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) over 6 years and longitudinally evaluated the effects of cumulative smoking exposure and duration of smoking cessation on the recurrence of periodontitis.
方法:
PMTを受けている212人を対象とした6年間の追跡調査コホート研究から、12ヶ月以内に少なくとも1回のPMT受診をした142人の患者をエレグラブルと判定した。喫煙習慣により、非喫煙者(NS、n=95)、元喫煙者(FS、n=22)、現喫煙者(CS、n=25)の3つのグループに分類した。歯周病完全検査と喫煙習慣を2回に分けて評価した。T1(1回目、積極的な歯周治療後)とT2(2回目、6年)。歯周炎の再発(RP;プロービング深さ4mm以上、臨床的アタッチメントロス3mm以上、およびプロービング時の出血および/または膿瘍の存在)、喫煙状況、および潜在的リスク変数との関連性を、適切な場合には一変量解析および多変量解析で解析した。
METHODS: From a 6-year follow-up cohort study with 212 individuals in PMT, 142 patients who attended at least one PMT visit within 12 months were determined to be elegible. According to smoking habits they were categorized into three groups: non-smokers (NS; n = 95), former smokers (FS; n = 22), and current smokers (CS; n = 25). Complete periodontal examination and smoking habits were evaluated at two instances: T1 (first time, after active periodontal therapy) and T2 (second time, 6 years). Associations between the recurrence of periodontitis (RP; probing depth ≥4 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm, together with the presence of bleeding on probing and/or suppuration), smoking status, and potential risk variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis, when appropriate.
結果:
NS群、FS群、CS群のRPはそれぞれ44.2%、68.2%、80.0%であった。交絡因子を調整した後のT2におけるRPのオッズ比(95%信頼区間)は、FS群で2.80(2.11~5.14)、CS群で5.97(3.58~9.88)であった。喫煙年数とRPの間には有意な用量反応関係があり,禁煙年数の増加に伴ってRPのリスクは有意に減少した。
RESULTS: The RP in NS, FS, and CS groups was 44.2%, 68.2%, and 80.0%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the RP in T2 was 2.80 (2.11 to 5.14) for FS and 5.97 (3.58 to 9.88) for CS. There was a significant dose-response relationship between pack-years of smoking and the RP, as well as a significant decrease in the risk for the RP as the years of smoking cessation increased.
結論:
PMTの6年間の間、累積喫煙曝露量と禁煙からの期間の短さは、RPと有意に関連していた。
CONCLUSION: During 6 years of PMT, cumulative smoking exposure and shorter time since smoking cessation were significantly associated with the RP.
© 2019 American Academy of Periodontology.