口腔内総合医療対策が幼児う蝕に及ぼす影響に関する縦断的追跡調査．

Longitudinal Follow-up Survey of Effects of Oral Comprehensive Healthcare Measures on Early Childhood Caries.

• Ting Cui
• Quanchen Xu
• Yili Wu
• Xiaoxiao Yang
• Ting Li
• Huibin Sun

抄録

目的:

中国の都市部における幼児期のう蝕の有病率に対する口腔総合医療の効果を評価すること。

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of oral comprehensive healthcare on the prevalence of early childhood caries in urban areas of China.

材料と方法:

青島の6つの幼稚園から4-5歳児398名を募集し、1年間の単盲検無作為化比較臨床試験を実施しました。実験群（187名）と対照群（211名）に無作為に割り付けられました。実験群では口腔内健康診断、子どもと保護者への口腔保健教育、局所フッ化物塗布と歯科治療を含む包括的な口腔保健を受けたが、対照群では年に2回の口腔内健康診断のみを受けた。実験前と実験後には、子どもの保護者に口腔保健に関する包括的なアンケートを実施しました。1年後、2つのグループの子どもたちの口腔内健康状態を統計的に分析し、口腔内の総合的な健康管理が幼児期のう蝕に及ぼす影響を明らかにした。

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 398 children aged 4-5 years from six different kindergartens in Qingdao were recruited to participate in a 1-year single-blind randomised controlled clinical trial. They were randomly assigned into either an experimental group (187 children) or a control group (211 children). The experimental group received comprehensive oral healthcare including oral health examinations, oral health education for children and their guardians, and local fluoride application and dental treatment, whereas children in the control group only received oral health examinations twice a year. The children's parents finished a comprehensive oral health questionnaire before and after the experiment. After a year, the oral health status of two groups of children was statistically analysed to determine the effect of oral comprehensive healthcare on early childhood caries.

結果:

1年後、実験群の虫歯歯(dt)、虫歯歯面(ds)、詰め物(ft)、詰め物(fs)の数は対照群に比べて有意に少なかった(p <0.001)。また、dmftとdmfsも両群間で有意差を示した（p <0.05）。さらに、1年前と比較して、両群の子供とその親の口腔衛生習慣と食生活にも統計学的に有意な差が認められた（いずれもp＜0.001）。

RESULTS: After 1 year, the numbers of decayed teeth (dt), decayed tooth surfaces (ds), filled teeth (ft), and filled tooth surfaces (fs) in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (p <0.001). The dmft and dmfs were also significantly different between the two groups (p <0.05). Statistically significant differences were additionally shown in oral hygiene habits and eating habits of both the children and their parents in the two groups compared with 1 year before (all p <0.001).

結論:

総合的な口腔保健対策の実施は、幼児期のう蝕の予防と軽減を両立させる。

CONCLUSION: Implementation of comprehensive oral healthcare measures both prevents and reduces early childhood caries.