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ブラジル、レシフェ市における障害児の口腔保健状況と治療ニーズ．
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Disabled Children in Recife, Brazil.
PMID: 32328592 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a44030.
抄録
目的:
本研究の目的は、ブラジルのレシフェに住む障害児の口腔保健状態と治療ニーズを調査することであった。
PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to investigate oral health status and treatment needs of children with disabilities in Recife, Brazil.
材料および方法:
レシフェの6つの行政区で横断的調査が実施された。サンプルは3歳から12歳までの障害児366名であった。調査対象とした口腔健康状態は、う蝕（CPOD指数およびdmft指数）、歯肉状態（IPVおよびIGC指数）、歯科外傷であった。データ分析には、記述統計、ピアソンのカイ二乗検定、フィッシャーの厳密検定、ポアソン回帰モデルを用いた。
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the six administrative districts of Recife. The sample consisted of 366 children with disabilities and age between 3 and 12 years. The oral health conditions investigated were dental caries (CPOD index and dmft index), gingival state (IPV and IGC index) and dental trauma. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Poisson regression models.
結果:
う蝕の有病率は65％で、年齢（p＝0.0027）および居住地域（p＝0.020）と関連していた。治療が必要な有病率も65％であった。調査対象者の平均虫歯・欠損・充填歯（DMFT）／DMFT指数は3.17／1.73であった。DMFTの平均本数は、乳歯では2.37本、0.55本、0.25本、永久歯では1.56本、0.05本、0.12本であった。ほぼ全例（96.7％）にプラークが認められ，77.3％に歯肉出血，27.6％に歯牙外傷が認められた．
RESULTS: The prevalence of caries was 65% and was associated with age (p = 0.0027) and area of residence (p = 0.020). The prevalence of need for treatment was also 65%. The mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT)/DMFT index of the study population was 3.17/1.73. Their mean number of DMFT was 2.37, 0.55 and 0.25 for the deciduous dentition, as well as 1.56, 0.05 and 0.12 for the permanent dentition. Almost the entire sample (96.7%) had visible plaque, 77.3% had gingival bleeding and 27.6% had dental traumatism.
結論:
障害を持つ子供たちは、虫歯や歯肉炎の発生率が高く、予防的治療や治療に対する累積的なニーズがあることがわかった。
CONCLUSION: Children with disabilities were found to have high rates of caries and gingivitis, as well as cumulative needs for preventive and curative treatment.