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乾燥性無眼球性ソケット症候群-症状と徴候の標準化された臨床評価
Dry anophthalmic socket syndrome - Standardized clinical evaluation of symptoms and signs.
PMID: 32387569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.05.001.
抄録
目的:
乾性無眼球性ソケット症候群(DASS)の症状や徴候を標準的に評価する。
OBJECTIVES: To assess symptoms and signs of the dry anophthalmic socket syndrome (DASS) in a standardized manner.
方法:
片眼性無眼症患者87名を対象に、Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)、5項目のドライアイ質問票(DEQ-5)、Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE)質問票の修正版を無眼症ソケットと健常フェローアイに分けて用いて評価した。結膜炎症は半定量的に評価し,両眼ともに局所麻酔を用いたSchirmer Iテストを実施した.ドライアイ質問票の得点とSchirmerテストの結果、結膜炎、人口統計学的データとの相関を検討した。
METHODS: 87 unilateral anophthalmic patients were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5), and a modified version of Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire separately for the anophthalmic socket and for the healthy fellow eye. Conjunctival inflammation was semi-quantitatively graded and Schirmer I test with topical anesthesia was performed bilaterally. The correlations between scores of the dry eye questionnaires and the results of the Schirmer tests, conjunctival inflammation, and demographic data were examined.
結果:
患者は健常眼と比較して、眼球外側のOSDI、DEQ-5、SANDEのスコアが有意に高かった(それぞれp≤0.019)。63%の患者が3つの質問票のうち少なくとも1つで眼窩乾燥を訴えていた。局所麻酔を用いたSchirmer I試験では、患者は他眼に比べて無眼側の炎症が高く(p<0.001)、涙量が多かった(p≤0.024)。
RESULTS: Patients had significantly higher OSDI, DEQ-5 and SANDE scores at the anophthalmic side compared to the healthy eye (p ≤ 0.019, respectively). 63% of patients complained of anophthalmic socket dryness in at least one of the three questionnaires. Patients had higher inflammation (p < 0.001) and more tear volume in the Schirmer I test with topical anesthesia (p ≤ 0.024) on the anophthalmic side compared to the fellow eye.
結論:
ほとんどの無眼症患者は、涙の欠乏や臨床的な眼瞼炎がなくても、健常な仲間の眼に比べて無眼症側の主観的な乾きの訴えが有意に多い。眼科医は、無眼症患者へのカウンセリングの際には、本研究で提案された診断基準とDASSの定義を考慮すべきである。しかし、DASSの原因となる病因の役割と相互作用を調べるための研究が必要である。さらに、標準化された検査プロトコールを確立し、エビデンスに基づいた治療アルゴリズムを開発することが重要である。
CONCLUSIONS: Most anophthalmic patients have significantly more subjective dryness complaints on their anophthalmic side compared to the healthy fellow eye, even in absence of tear deficiency and clinical blepharitis. Eye care practitioners should consider the diagnosis criteria and the definition for DASS proposed in this study, when counseling anophthalmic patients. However, research should be undertaken to investigate the role and the interactions of causative etiological causes for DASS. Furthermore, there is a high priority to establish a standardized examination protocol and to develop an evidence-based treatment algorithm for DASS.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.