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腸球菌血流感染症の発生と決定因子:集団ベースの研究
Occurrence and determinants of enterococcal bloodstream infections: a population-based study.
PMID: 32516011 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2020.1774074.
抄録
腸球菌は血流感染症(BSI)の一般的な原因であるが,非選択的集団における腸球菌の疫学を検討した研究はほとんどない.腸球菌 BSI の発生率と発症の危険因子を検討することを目的とした。カナダのブリティッシュコロンビア州西部内陸部の全住民を対象に、2011~2018 年の間に腸球菌 BSI のサーベイランスを実施した。全体の年間罹患率は 10 万人あたり 10.0 人で、ブリティッシュ・コロンビア州およびカナダの年間罹患率はそれぞれ 6.6 人および 2.7 人であった。腸球菌BSIの全コホート145例のうち,22例(15.2%)はコミュニティ関連,63例(43.5%)は医療関連,60例(41.4%)は病院発症であった.腸球菌BSIは主に高齢者の疾患であり,まれに40歳未満の高齢者にも発症していた.男性は女性に比べて有意にリスクが高く(10万人あたり14.3対5.6、発生率比:IRR:2.6、95%信頼区間:CI:1.8-3.8、<0.0001)、年齢が高くなるにつれて最も顕著であった。いくつかの併存疾患は腸球菌BSI発症のリスク(IRR、95%CI)の増加と関連しており、特に癌(8.8;6.0~12.9;<.0001)、うっ血性心不全(5.7;3.1~9.7;<.0001)、糖尿病(4.4;3.0~6.3;<.0001)、脳卒中(3.7;1.9~6.5;<.0001)などが挙げられました。BSIを有する患者と比較して、BSIを有する患者は病院発症の可能性が高く、腹腔内/頚椎に焦点を当てている可能性が高く、30日以内の症例死亡率が高い傾向にありました。腸球菌はBSIの比較的一般的な原因である。腸球菌には共通点があるが、いくつかの基準で疫学的に区別できる。
Although enterococci are common causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs), few studies have examined their epidemiology in non-selected populations. To examine the incidence and risk factors for development of enterococcal BSI. Surveillance for incident enterococcal BSI was conducted among all residents of the western interior of British Columbia, Canada during 2011-2018. The overall annual incidence was 10.0 per 100,000 and was 6.6 and 2.7 per 100,000 for and , respectively. Among the overall cohort of 145 incident cases of enterococcal BSI, 22 (15.2%) were community-associated, 63 (43.5%) were healthcare associated and 60 (41.4%) were hospital-onset. Enterococcal BSI was predominantly a disease of older adults with rare cases occurring among those aged less than 40 years. Males showed significantly increased risk compared to females (14.3 vs. 5.6 per 100,000; incidence rate ratio; IRR; 2.6; 95% confidence interval; CI; 1.8-3.8; < .0001) and this was most pronounced with advanced age. Several co-morbid illnesses were associated with increased risk (IRR; 95% CI) for development of enterococcal BSI most importantly cancer (8.8; 6.0-12.9; < .0001), congestive heart failure (5.7; 3.1-9.7; < .0001), diabetes mellitus (4.4; 3.0-6.3; < .0001) and stroke (3.7; 1.9-6.5; .0001). As compared to patients with , patients with BSI were more likely to be of hospital-onset, more likely to have an intra-abdominal/pelvic focus, and trended towards higher 30-day case-fatality rate. Enterococci are relatively common causes of BSI. Although and share commonalities they are epidemiologically distinguishable on several criteria.