気候変動が花粉やカビのアレルゲンによって誘発される呼吸器アレルギーや喘息に与える影響

The effects of climate change on respiratory allergy and asthma induced by pollen and mold allergens.

• Gennaro D'Amato
• Herberto Jose Chong-Neto
• Olga Patricia Monge Ortega
• Carolina Vitale
• Ignacio Ansotegui
• Nelson Rosario
• Tari Haathela
• Carmen Galan
• Ruby Pawankar
• Margarita Murrieta
• Lorenzo Cecchi
• Christian Bergmann
• Erminia Ridolo
• German Ramon
• Sandra Gonzalez Diaz
• Maria D'Amato
• Isabella Annesi-Maesano

抄録

気候変動が環境、生物圏、生物多様性に与える影響は、近年、より明らかになってきています。呼吸器の健康は、アレルギー性呼吸器疾患や喘息の開発に寄与する気候変動の影響を特に受ける可能性があります。花粉やカビのアレルゲンは、IgE媒介感作の発症を加速させるプロ炎症性および免疫調節メディエーターのリリースをトリガすることができます。研究では、植物は光合成と繁殖効果を高め、二酸化炭素（CO ）の高い大気中レベルへの反応として、より多くの花粉を生産することを示した。花粉・カビアレルギーは、大気汚染と鼻炎や喘息などのアレルギー性呼吸器疾患との関連性を評価するために一般的に用いられています。花粉の季節の雷雨は、花粉症患者の呼吸器アレルギーや喘息の増悪を引き起こす可能性があります。温室効果ガスの排出量を削減することは、健康にプラスの効果をもたらします。

The impact of climate change on the environment, biosphere and biodiversity has become more evident in the recent years. Human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO ) and other greenhouse gases. Change in climate and the correlated global warming affects the quantity, intensity and frequency of precipitation type as well as the frequency of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, thunderstorms, floods and hurricanes. Respiratory health can be particularly affected by climate change, which contributes to the development of allergic respiratory diseasesand asthma. Pollen and mold allergens are able to trigger the release of pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators that accelerate the onset the IgE-mediated sensitizationand of allergy. Allergy to pollen and pollen season at its beginning, in duration and intensity are altered by climatechange. Studies showed that plants exhibit enhanced photosynthesis and reproductive effects and produce more pollen as a response to high atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO ).Molds which proliferation is increased by floods and rainy storms are responsible for severe asthma. Pollen and mold allergy is generally used to evaluate the interrelation between air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases, such as rhinitis and asthma. Thunderstorms during pollen seasons can cause exacerbation of respiratory allergy and asthma in patients with hay fever. A similar phenomenon is observed for molds.Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions can have positive health benefits.

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