日本語AIでPubMedを検索
食物の硬さが小児の咀嚼行動に及ぼす影響
Effect of food hardness on chewing behavior in children.
PMID: 32613432 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03425-y.
抄録
目的:
食物の硬さが子供の咀嚼行動に及ぼす影響を大人と比較して検討した。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of food hardness on chewing behavior in children compared with adults.
材料と方法:
健康な小児（3-17"Zs_A0"年）を、歯の萌出段階に応じて5つのグループに等分した。各参加者は、軟質と硬質の粘弾性試験食品模型（各3個）を食べ、顎の三次元的な動きと両側咬筋の筋電図（EMG）活動を記録した。子供のデータを健康な成人（18-35"Zs_A0"年）の対照群と比較した。データはノンパラメトリック検定を用いて分析した。
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy children (3-17 years) were equally divided into five groups based on their dental eruption stages. Each participant ate soft and hard viscoelastic test food models (3 each), while the three-dimensional jaw movements and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the bilateral masseter muscles were recorded. The data from the children were compared with a control group of healthy adults (18-35 years). The data were analyzed with nonparametric tests.
結果:
咀嚼回数と咀嚼シーケンスの持続時間には、小児群と成人との間に有意な差はなかった。原発歯列を持つ小児群（3-5"Zs_A0"年）では、大人と比較して、側方顎の動きが短く、噛む動作の終了時の筋活動が高いことが示された。さらに、子どもの年齢層（3-14"Zs_A0"年）では、顎の筋活動を食物の硬さに適応させることができなかった。しかし、後期永久歯列期（15-17歳）では、大人のような咀嚼行動が可能であった。
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the number of chewing cycles and the duration of the chewing sequence between children groups and adults. Children with primary dentition (3-5 years) showed shorter lateral jaw movement and higher muscle activity at the end of the chewing sequence, compared with adults. Further, children's age-groups (3-14 years) failed to adapt their jaw muscle activity to food hardness. However, at the late-permanent dentition stage (15-17 years), children were capable of performing adult-like chewing behavior.
結論:
全体的に見ると、3歳くらいの子供は大人と同じように基本的な咀嚼機能を十分に発揮しているようです。しかし、食物の硬さに対する顎の筋活動や顎運動学の予測や適応には違いがあります。
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, it seems that children as young as 3-year-old are quite competent in performing basic chewing function similar to adults. Yet, there are differences in the anticipation or adaption of jaw muscle activity and jaw kinematics to food hardness.
臨床的有用性:
この研究は、歯列不正咬合やその他の口腔機能障害を伴う咀嚼障害を持つ小児の診断と管理に臨床的な意味を持つ可能性があります。
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The study may have clinical implication in the diagnosis and management of children with chewing impairment associated with dental malocclusions and other orofacial dysfunctions.