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上海の3～5歳児1,296人の幼児期のう蝕とその関連危険因子
[Early childhood caries and its related risk factors in 1 296 children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai].
PMID: 32626881
抄録
目的:
上海市の3歳から5歳までの小児における幼児期う蝕（ECC）の発症率と関連する危険因子を調査しました。
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevelence of early childhood caries (ECC) and its related risk factors in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai.
方法:
第四回全国口腔保健疫学調査の要件に基づき、多段階、層別、同一定員、単純無作為抽出法を用いた。上海の12幼稚園の3、4、5歳児合計1,296名を抽出し、有病率と平均dmftを算出した。保護者を対象に，口腔衛生習慣，口腔衛生に対する意識と関連因子に関するアンケート調査を実施した．統計解析はSPSS 21.0を用いて行った。
METHODS: According to the requirements of the Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health, multistage, stratified, equal capacity and simple random sampling method was performed. A total of 1 296 children aged 3, 4 and 5 years old in 12 kindergartens in Shanghai were selected to calculate the prevalence and the mean dmft(decayed-missing-filled tooth). Their parents were surveyed with questionnaire on oral hygiene habit and consciousness of oral health and related factors. Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS 21.0 software package.
結果:
上海市の3～5歳児の有病率は58.07%であり，平均dmftは2.99であった．平均dmftと有病率は男女間、年齢層間で有意差があった（P<0.05）。多変量ロジスティック回帰分析では、甘いものをよく飲む、寝る前に甘いものを食べる、毎日の歯磨きが少ない、2歳から歯磨きを始める、親の教育と口腔保健の知識の低さがう蝕の危険因子であることが示された。
RESULTS: The prevalence of ECC were 58.07% in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai, with dmft index of 2.99 in average. There were significant differences in the mean dmft and the prevalence between male and female and among different age groups(P<0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, more frequent sweet drinks, eating sweets before sleep, less daily tooth brushing, starting tooth brushing after 2 years old and low level of parents' education and oral health knowledge were risk factors for dental caries.
結論:
上海市の3～5歳児におけるECCの有病率は深刻である。食習慣と口腔保健行動に関する体系的な教育の実施が急務であり、口腔衛生に関する親の教育をさらに改善する必要がある。
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ECC in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Shanghai is severe. There is an urgent need for implementation of a systematic education on diet habit and oral health behavior, and the parental education on oral hygiene needs to be further improved.