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COVID-19患者における嗅覚・味覚喪失を中心とした耳鼻咽喉関連症状
Ear nose throat-related symptoms with a focus on loss of smell and/or taste in COVID-19 patients.
PMID: 32629147 PMCID: PMC7309902. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102622.
抄録
目的:
COVID-19病における一般症状および耳鼻咽喉(耳鼻咽喉)関連症状、特に嗅覚および/または味覚喪失(STL)の頻度と重症度を明らかにし、STLの回復過程を調査すること。
PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and severity of general and ear nose throat (ENT)- related symptoms, especially smell and/or loss of sense of taste (STL) in COVID-19 disease, as well as to investigate the recovery process of STL.
材料および方法:
COVID-19と診断された患者には、一般的な質問票(年齢、性別、症状の発生日、喫煙歴、併用疾患)、症状発現時の最も明らかな症状(1つの選択肢のみ)、症状の重症度と頻度(一般的なものと耳鼻咽喉科的なもの)、STL(回復時間と回復の程度)からなる質問票が与えられた。
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis were given a questionnaire consisting of general questions (age, sex, date of symptoms, smoking history, concomitant diseases), questions about the most obvious symptom at presentation (one option only), the severity and frequency of symptoms (general and ENT), and STL (recovery time and degree of recovery).
結果:
研究対象者は18~65歳の172名(平均年齢37.8±12.5歳、女性51.2%、非喫煙者76.2%)であった。咳(n=30、17.4%)と嗅覚喪失(n=18、10.4%)が、それぞれ最も明らかな全身症状と耳鼻咽喉科症状であった。嗅覚喪失を報告した患者は88人(51.2%)、味覚喪失を報告した患者は81人(47.1%)であった。平均回復期間は,嗅覚喪失が8.02±6.41日,味覚喪失が8.20±7.07日であった.嗅覚喪失は4例(4.54%),味覚喪失は1例(1.23%)に認められた.
RESULTS: The study population consisted of 172 patients, 18-65 years old (mean age, 37.8 ± 12.5 years; 51.2% female; 76.2% nonsmokers). Cough (n = 30, 17.4%) and loss of sense of smell (n = 18, 10.4%) were the most obvious general and ENT symptoms, respectively. Eighty-eight patients (51.2%) reported loss of sense of smell, and 81 patients (47.1%) reported loss of sense of taste. The mean recovery times for loss of sense of smell and loss of sense of taste were 8.02 ± 6.41 and 8.20 ± 7.07 days, respectively. The loss of sense of smell and loss of sense of taste were the unique symptoms in four (4.54%) and one (1.23%) patients, respectively.
結論:
STLはCOVID-19の一般的な症状であり、この疾患の最初のおよび/または唯一の症状であるかもしれない。STLの訴えを呈する患者において、COVID-19の可能性のある疾患のサーベイランスおよびスクリーニング検査は、この疾患との闘いを容易にするであろう。
CONCLUSION: STL is a common symptom in COVID-19 and may be the first and/or only symptom of this disease. In patients presenting with STL complaints, surveillance for possible COVID-19 disease and screening tests will facilitate the struggle against the disease.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.