総アディポネクチン、高分子量アディポネクチン、選択されたソマトメジン、および喫煙者と非喫煙者の母親の乳児の出生体重の母体および胎児レベルとの関連

Associations between Maternal and Fetal Levels of Total Adiponectin, High Molecular Weight Adiponectin, Selected Somatomedins, and Birth Weight of Infants of Smoking and Non-Smoking Mothers.

• Magdalena Chełchowska
• Joanna Gajewska
• Tomasz M Maciejewski
• Joanna Mazur
• Mariusz Ołtarzewski
• Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz

抄録

本研究の目的は，母親の喫煙，総アディポネクチン，高分子量アディポネクチン（ＨＭＷアディポネクチン），選択されたソマトメジン，新生児の出生体重との関係を明らかにすることであった．健康な単胎妊娠の女性 78 名、活動的喫煙者 41 名、非喫煙者 37 名、およびその子孫を調査した。母体血および臍帯血中の総量および HMW アディポネクチン，インスリン様成長因子 I（IGF-I），インスリン様成長因子結合蛋白 1（IGFBP-1）および 2（IGFBP-2）を酵素リンク免疫吸着法により測定した．総アディポネクチンおよびHMWアディポネクチンの血清レベルは、母体（= 0.013; = 0.006）と乳児（= 0.001; = 0.047）の両方において、喫煙者では禁煙者に比べて低かった。喫煙女性とその子供では、IGF-Iの血清濃度が有意に低く（p = 0.014; p = 0.042）、IGFBP-1が有意に高く（= 0.009; = 0.039）、IGFBP-2は非喫煙群で観察されたものと差がなかった。母集団全体を対象に行った多変量解析では、血清コチニンとIGFBP-2濃度の影響が最も大きいのは、アディポネクチンとコチニン、HMWアディポネクチン濃度はタバコの本数/日であることが示された。喫煙者と非喫煙者に分けて推定した相関分析では，新生児出生体重は臍帯血中の総アディポネクチン濃度およびHMWアディポネクチン濃度と正の相関を示した．出生体重はIGFBP-1とも逆相関し、母体血清および臍帯血中のIGF-I濃度と正の相関を示した（r = -0.317、= 0.005、r = -0.294、= 0.004、r = 0.245、= 0.031、r = 0.271、= 0.009、それぞれ）。本研究では、臍帯血中の総アディポネクチンとHMWアディポネクチンのレベルが胎児の発育に有意な影響を及ぼす可能性が示された。また、IGF-IとIGFBP-1の両方の濃度も、出生体重の重要な予測因子である胎児の発育に重要な役割を果たしています。妊娠中の喫煙は否定的にアディポネクチンと女性と臍帯血の血清中のインスリン成長因子プロファイルに影響を与え、非喫煙者の子孫と比較して喫煙者の新生児の低出生体重の理由である可能性があります。

The aim of the study was to determine the relationships between maternal smoking, total adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW adiponectin), selected somatomedins, and the birth weight of newborns. A total of 78 women with a healthy, singleton pregnancy, 41 active smokers and 37 non-smokers, and their offspring were studied. Total and HMW adiponectin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and 2 (IGFBP-2) were determined in maternal and cord blood by enzyme-link immunosorbent assay. Serum levels of total and HMW adiponectin were lower in smokers compared to the tobacco abstinent in both the mothers ( = 0.013; = 0.006) and the infants ( = 0.001; = 0.047). In smoking women and their children, serum concentrations of IGF-I were significantly lower (p = 0.014; p = 0.042), IGFBP-1 significantly higher ( = 0.009; = 0.039), and IGFBP-2 did not differ from that observed in the non-smoking group. In multivariate analysis performed on the whole group of mothers, the highest impact of serum cotinine and IGFBP-2 levels were indicated for adiponectin and cotinine and the number of cigarettes/day for HMW adiponectin concentration. In correlation analysis estimated separately for smokers and non-smokers, neonatal birth weight was positively associated with total and HMW adiponectin concentrations in umbilical cord blood. Birth weight was also inversely associated with IGFBP-1 and positively correlated with IGF-I levels in maternal serum as well as in cord blood (r = -0.317, = 0.005; r = -0.294, = 0.004; r = 0.245, = 0.031; r = 0.271, = 0.009, respectively). The present study showed the levels of total and HMW adiponectin in umbilical cord blood may have a significant effect on fetal development. Both IGF-I and IGFBP-1 concentrations also play an essential role in fetal growth, which is an important predictor of birth weight. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy negatively affected adiponectin and the insulin growth factor profile in the serum of women and the cord blood and may be the reason for the lower birth weight of the smokers newborns compared with the nonsmokers offspring.