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エポキシ樹脂とWドープVO2ナノ粒子を含浸させた透明木質複合材料の省エネ窓への応用
Transparent Wood Composites Fabricated by Impregnation of Epoxy Resin and W-doped VO2 Nanoparticles for Application in Energy-saving Windows.
PMID: 32638583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06494.
抄録
タングステンドープ二酸化バナジウムナノ粒子(WドープVO2 NP)を含むエポキシ樹脂分散液を木材テンプレートに浸透させ、その後重合させることで、省エネ窓用の異方性構造を有する2種類の透明木材複合材料を作製することに成功した。エポキシ樹脂,Wドープ二酸化バナジウムナノ粒子,多孔質木材がうまく融合したことで,高い可視光線透過率(縦方向に切断した樹木から作製した複合材(L-複合材)では68.2%,ラジカルに切断した樹木から作製した複合材(R-複合材)では73.3%)を有する異方性複合材が得られ,明らかに異なる機械的性能(破壊応力)が得られた.74.57MPa(L-composite)と56.14MPa(R-composite)、弾性率:1.47GPa(L-composite)と1.23GPa(R-composite))と低い熱伝導率(0.20W-m-1k-1(L-composite)と0.32W-m-1k-1(R-composite))である。さらに、これら2種類のW/VO2透明木材複合材は、いずれも窓として使用した場合に優れた調温性を示します。その結果、VO2ナノ粒子で反射された熱は、一般的なガラスパネルを用いた場合と比較して、室内温度の上昇速度が著しく遅くなることがわかった。低熱伝導率の木材テンプレートとサーモクロミックVO2 NPを組み合わせた新しい透明木材複合材は、重くて熱伝導率の高い赤外透明ガラスに代わる可能性のある解決策を提供し、室内の居住者の視界知覚を満たすことができた。
Two types of transparent wood composites with anisotropic structure for energy-saving windows were successfully fabricated by infiltration of epoxy resin dispersion containing tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide nanoparticles (W-doped VO2 NPs) into the delignified wood template and subsequent polymerization. The well integration of the epoxy resin, W-doped VO2 NPs and the pore-structured wood endowed the anisotropic composites with high visible transmittance (68.2% for the composite prepared from longitudinally cutting trees (L-composite), 73.3% for the composite prepared from radically cutting trees (R-composite)), and obviously different mechanical performance (fracture stress: 74.57 MPa (L-composite) and 56.14Mpa (R-composite), modulus: 1.47 GPa (L-composite) and 1.23GPa (R-composite)) and low thermal conductivity (0.20 W·m-1k-1 (L-composite) and 0.32 W·m-1k-1 (R-composite)). Moreover, these two kinds of W/VO2 transparent wood composites both show outstanding thermoregulation ability when they are used as windows. A significant amount of heat (from simulated light source) was reflected by VO2 NPs, and as a result, the indoor temperature of a demo system had a significant slower temperature increase rate when compared with that for similar system with a common glass panel applied. Novel transparent wood composites combining low thermal conductivity wood template and thermochromic VO2 NPs provide a potential solution for replacement of heavy, high thermal conductivity and infrared transparent glass but still meet indoor occupancies view perception.