インドの都市部および農村部に住む未就学児の口腔保健関連QOLと虫歯との関連性

Oral Health Related Quality of Life and its Association with Dental Caries of Preschool Children in Urban and Rural Areas of India.

• Priya Subramaniam
• Rajas Surendran

抄録

乳幼児期には，歯の放置が原因で複数の虫歯に悩まされたり，痛みを感じたりして日常生活に支障をきたすことがある．本研究の目的は、バンガロールの都市部および農村部の未就学児の口腔保健関連生活の質（OHRQoL）を評価し、虫歯の状態と相関させることである。 バンガロールの都市部と農村部から3歳から5歳までの未就学児1545名を対象に口腔保健検査を実施した。保護者は、Oral Health-Related Early Childhood Quality of Life OH-ECQOLプロフォーマを用いて、子供のOHRQoLについて回答した。 その結果、都市部の未就学児の平均OHRQoLは17.86であり、農村部の未就学児の20.42とは有意に異なっていた(p&lt;0.001)。(p<0.001).平均デフトスコアは農村部の2.60±2.26であり、都市部の1.92±2.05よりも有意に高かった(p<0.001)。都市部の未就学児では、う蝕（deft）とOHRQoLの間に有意な相関が認められた（p=0.04）。重回帰分析では、う蝕と OHRQoL は有意に関連していることが示された（p=0.03）。 バンガロール都市部に住む未就学児の OHRQoL は、バンガロール農村部に住む未就学児よりも良好であった。

In early childhood due to dental neglect, children suffer from multiple decayed teeth and experience pain, interfering with their daily activities. This study aimed to assess Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of preschool children in urban and rural Bangalore, and to correlate it with their dental caries status. Oral health examination of 1545 preschool children, aged 3 to 5 years were selected from urban and rural Bangalore. The parents answered the Oral Health-Related Early Childhood Quality of Life OH-ECQOL proforma on OHRQoL of their children. The mean OHRQoL of urban preschool children was 17.86 and was significantly different from 20.42 of rural preschool children. (p<0.001). The mean deft score was 2.60±2.26 in rural preschool children and it was significantly higher than 1.92±2.05 seen in urban preschool children (p< 0.001). A significant correlation was seen between dental caries (deft) and OHRQoL in urban preschool children (p=0.04). Their OHRQoL was significantly associated with the 'decayed' component.(p=0.03) Multiple regression analysis showed OHRQoL to be significantly associated with dental caries. OHRQoL among preschool children living in urban Bangalore was found to be better than those in rural Bangalore.