中国東北部のCOPD患者の大気中微粒子物質および気管支肺胞洗浄液中の無機元素および多環芳香族炭化水素の季節的特徴組成

Seasonal characteristic composition of inorganic elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulate matter and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of COPD patients in Northeast China.

• Chunli Che
• Jialin Li
• Fushi Dong
• Chunling Zhang
• Lu Liu
• Xiazhong Sun
• Lixin Ma
• Hong Qi
• Kun Wang

抄録

目的:

大気中の微粒子物質（PM2.5）と気管支肺胞ラバージ液（BALF）の組成特性と慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）発症への影響を探る。

OBJECTIVE: To explore the composition characteristics of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and their impact on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

方法:

2017年6月2日から2018年10月30日までにCOPD患者の大気中PM2.5サンプルとBALFサンプルを採取し、ハルビンの暖房シーズンに応じてPM2.5吸入の高リスク群と低リスク群に割り付けた。無機元素はICP-MSで、多環芳香族炭化水素（PAH）はGC/MSで検出した。

METHODS: The atmospheric PM2.5 samples and BALF samples from COPD patients were collected from June 2, 2017 to October 30, 2018, and allocated into a high-risk of PM2.5 inhalation group and a low-risk PM2.5 inhalation group according to the heating season in Harbin. Inorganic elements were detected by ICP-MS, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected by GC/MS.

結果:

無機元素は54のBALFから26種類の元素が検出された。無機元素はBALFと大気中のPM2.5との間に高い対応関係があった。微量元素のCr、Mn、V、Co、有毒微量元素のAl、Pb、Cd、As、Agは正常血液の上限値を超えていました。高リスクPM2.5吸入群のBALFでは、K、Ti、Fe、Co、Cu、Se、Rb、Ag、Sbが有意に高かった（p<0.05）。BALF32試料からは16種類のPAHが検出された。BALFと大気中PM2.5の主成分は高分子量PAHであり、BALFと大気中PM2.5中のPAHの種類と濃度は高度に一致していた。

RESULTS: Twenty-six inorganic elements were found in 54 BALF specimens. There was a high correspondence in inorganic elements between BALF and atmospheric PM2.5. Trace elements Cr, Mn, V, and Co, and toxic trace elements Al, Pb, Cd, As, and Ag were above the upper limit of normal blood. There were significant higher K, Ti, Fe, Co, Cu, Se, Rb, Ag, and Sb in BALF of the high-risk PM2.5 inhalation group (p < 0.05). Sixteen PAHs were detected in 32 BALF samples. The main components of BALF and atmospheric PM2.5 were the high molecular weight PAHs, and the species and concentration of PAHs in BALF and atmospheric PM2.5 are highly consistent.

結論:

COPD患者のBALF中の無機元素およびPAHの種類と濃度は、大気中のPM2.5と高い一致性を示した。COPD患者のBALF中のBenzo(a)anthracene、Chrysene、Benzo(b)Fluoranthene、Benzo(k)Fluoranthene、Indeno(123-c,d)Pyrene、Benzo(a)Pyreneの持続的な高濃度は、COPD患者に長期的な悪影響を及ぼす可能性がある。

CONCLUSION: The types and concentrations of inorganic elements and PAHs in BALF of COPD patients are highly consistent with those of atmospheric PM2.5. The sustained high concentrations of Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)Fluoranthene, Benzo(k)Fluoranthene, Indeno(123-c,d)Pyrene, and Benzo(a)Pyrene in BALF of COPD patients may have long-term adverse effects on COPD patients.

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