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非毒性の青色光(453nm)がヒト皮膚線維芽細胞の細胞抗酸化能、TGF-β1シグナル伝達、および筋線維芽細胞の筋線維形成に与える影響
The impact of non-toxic blue light (453 nm) on cellular antioxidative capacity, TGF-β1 signaling, and myofibrogenesis of human skin fibroblasts.
PMID: 32659647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111952.
抄録
これまでの研究で、青色光が細胞死や増殖・分化阻害などの生物学的効果を誘導することが実証されています。長波長(>440nm)の青色光は短波長(400~440nm)の青色光に比べて細胞への有害な影響が少ないことから、私たちは、無毒性(LED)の453nmの青色光がヒト皮膚線維芽細胞(hsFBs)に与える影響を調べました。その結果、青色光の繰り返し照射(80J/cm)は、増殖率を低下させる効果に加えて、TGF-β1誘導性筋線維芽細胞(hsFBs)のα-SMAおよびEDA-FN発現の低下に伴い、ERK1/2、SMAD2/3、およびp38キープレーヤーのタンパク質発現およびリン酸化の低下を伴うTGF-β1誘導性筋線維芽細胞(hsFBs)の増殖を有意に低下させることを見出した。同時に、カタラーゼ蛋白質の発現、細胞内FAD濃度、NADP/NADPH比が低下し、細胞内活性酸素種(ROS)が増加した。我々は、分子メカニズムとして、カタラーゼの発現低下とFADの光還元が細胞内酸化ストレスを誘発し、それが筋線維形成のシグナル伝達因子に影響を与え、α-SMAとEDA-FNの発現率を低下させ、その結果、筋線維芽細胞の形成につながるのではないかと推測している。結論として、より長い波長でも青色光は抗線維化活性を示し、肥大性瘢痕化および強皮症を含む線維化性皮膚疾患の治療に適した安全なアプローチを示すかもしれない。
Studies have demonstrated that blue light induces biological effects, such as cell death, and inhibition of proliferation and differentiation. Since blue light at longer wavelength (>440 nm) exerts less injurious effects on cells than at shorter wavelengths, (400-440 nm), we have investigated the impact of non-toxic (LED) blue light at 453 nm wavelength on human skin fibroblasts (hsFBs). We found that besides its decreasing effects on the proliferation rate, repeated blue light irradiations (80 J/cm) also significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced myofibrogenesis as shown by diminished α-SMA and EDA-FN expression accompanied by reduced protein expression and phosphorylation of ERK 1/2, SMAD 2/3, and p38-key players of TGF-β1-induced myofibrogenesis. In parallel, catalase protein expression, intracellular FAD concentrations as well as NADP/NADPH ratio were reduced, whereas intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased. We postulate that as a molecular mechanism downregulation of catalase and photoreduction of FAD induce intracellular oxidative stress which, in turn, affects the signaling factors of myofibrogenesis leading to a lower rate of α-SMA and EDA-FN expression and, therefore, myofibroblast formation. In conclusion, blue light even at longer wavelengths shows antifibrotic activity and may represent a suitable and safe approach in the treatment of fibrotic skin diseases including hypertrophic scarring and scleroderma.
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