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選ばれた殺虫剤とトウモロコシ耳虫(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)の比較毒性
Comparative Toxicity of and (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Selected Insecticides.
PMID: 32664300 DOI: 10.3390/insects11070431.
抄録
最近まで、オールドワールド・ボルワーム(OWB)(Hübner)とトウモロコシ耳虫(Boddie)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)は地理的に隔離されていた。両種は、殺虫剤耐性を発現することが知られている農作物の主要害虫であり、現在ではアメリカ大陸に侵入した地域に共存している。本研究は、従来の殺虫剤に対する両種の感受性を比較した初めての研究である。3齢幼虫のインドキサカルブ、メトミル、スピネトラム、スピノサドに対する感受性は、プエルトリコの検疫実験室で、食事オーバーレイバイオアッセイを用いて決定した。死亡率は、殺虫剤ごとに最大 8 濃度までの暴露後 48 時間で評価した。スピネトラムが最も高い急性毒性を示し、致死濃度(LC)中央値は 0.11 µg a.i./cm で、インドキサカルブとスピノサド(いずれも 0.17 µg a.i./cm)、メトミル(0.32 µg a.i./cm)がこれに続いた。スピネトラムもまた、最も毒性が強かった(LCは0.08μg a.i./cm)、次いでスピノサド(0.17μg a.i./cm)およびメトミル(0.18μg a.i./cm)であった。インドキサカルブは、0.21 µg a.i./cm の LC で最も毒性が低かった。
Until recently, the Old World bollworm (OWB) (Hübner) and the corn earworm (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were geographically isolated. Both species are major pests of agricultural commodities that are known to develop insecticide resistance, and they now coexist in areas where invaded the Americas. This is the first study to compare the susceptibility of the two species to conventional insecticides. The susceptibility of third instar and larvae to indoxacarb, methomyl, spinetoram, and spinosad was determined using a diet-overlay bioassay in a quarantine laboratory in Puerto Rico. Mortality was assessed at 48 h after exposure for up to eight concentrations per insecticide. Spinetoram exhibited the highest acute toxicity against , with a median lethal concentration (LC) of 0.11 µg a.i./cm, followed by indoxacarb and spinosad (0.17 µg a.i./cm for both) and methomyl (0.32 µg a.i./cm). Spinetoram was also the most toxic to (LC of 0.08 µg a.i./cm), followed by spinosad (0.17 µg a.i./cm) and methomyl (0.18 µg a.i./cm). Indoxacarb was the least toxic to . , with an LC of 0.21 µg a.i./cm. These findings could serve as a comparative reference for monitoring the susceptibility of and to indoxacarb, methomyl, spinetoram, and spinosad in Puerto Rico, and may facilitate the detection of field-selected resistance for these two species and their potential hybrids in areas recently invaded by .