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サルコペニアリスクを有する過体重・肥満高齢女性における変形性膝関節症に対するICFコアセットと連動した弾性抵抗運動の術後成績への効果:無作為化対照試験
Effects of Elastic Resistance Exercise on Postoperative Outcomes Linked to the ICF Core Sets for Osteoarthritis after Total Knee Replacement in Overweight and Obese Older Women with Sarcopenia Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
PMID: 32664548 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072194.
抄録
(1) 背景。変形性膝関節症(KOA)と加齢はサルコペニアリスクの高さと関連している;サルコペニアは膝全置換術(TKR)後の転帰にさらに影響を及ぼす可能性がある。弾性抵抗運動トレーニング(RET)は高齢者の筋肉の減衰を制限する。我々は、変形性膝関節症のための簡単な国際機能分類、障害および健康のコアセット(Brief-ICF-OA)を用いて、変形性膝関節症の過体重および肥満の高齢女性の除脂肪量(LM)および機能的転帰に対するTKR後の弾性的RETの効果を明らかにすることを目的とした。(2) 方法。方法:片側一次TKRを受けた60歳以上の女性を対象に、術後RETを週2回12週間受ける実験群(EG)と、標準治療を受ける対照群(CG)に無作為に分け、主要評価項目はLM値、副次評価項目はLM値とした。主要評価項目はLM、副次評価項目は身体能力とし、Brief-ICF-OAと連動させた。評価時点は手術前2週間(T)と術後1ヵ月(T:RET前)と4ヵ月(T:RET終了時)のフォローアップとした。T時とT時のアウトカム指標の変化の群間差を決定するために、intention-to-treat分析を用いた独立t検定を行った(3)結果。40例(年齢:70.9±7.3歳)をEG群(=20例)とCG群(=20例)に無作為に割り付けた。Tの時点でEGはCGに比べて下肢LM(平均差(MD)=0.86kg、=0.004)と歩行速度(MD=0.26m/s、=0.005)に有意に大きな改善を示した。さらに、ほとんどのBrief-ICF-OAのカテゴリーにおいて、EGは一般的にCGよりも有意に高いオッズ比を示した(すべて<0.001)。結論。結論:TKR後の早期に弾性RETを介入することで、Brief-ICF-OAに基づいた術後転帰が得られた。本研究の知見は、KOAを有する高齢女性の最適なTKR後のリハビリテーション戦略に関する臨床的意思決定を促進する可能性がある。
(1) Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and aging are associated with high sarcopenia risk; sarcopenia may further affect outcomes after total knee replacement (TKR). Elastic resistance exercise training (RET) limits muscle attenuation in older adults. We aimed to identify the effects of post-TKR elastic RET on lean mass (LM) and functional outcomes in overweight and obese older women with KOA by using the brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for osteoarthritis (Brief-ICF-OA). (2) Methods: Eligible women aged ≥60 years who had received unilateral primary TKR were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG), which received postoperative RET twice weekly for 12 weeks, and a control group (CG), which received standard care. The primary and secondary outcome measures were LM and physical capacity, respectively, and were linked to the Brief-ICF-OA. The assessment time points were 2 weeks prior to surgery (T) and postoperative at 1 month (T; before RET) and 4 months (T; upon completion of RET) of follow-up. An independent t test with an intention-to-treat analysis was conducted to determine the between-group differences in changes of outcome measures at T and T from T. (3) Results: Forty patients (age: 70.9 ± 7.3 years) were randomly assigned to the EG ( = 20) or CG ( = 20). At T, the EG exhibited significantly greater improvements in leg LM (mean difference (MD) = 0.86 kg, = 0.004) and gait speed (MD = 0.26 m/s, = 0.005) compared with the CG. Furthermore, the EG generally obtained significantly higher odds ratios than the CG for treatment success for most Brief-ICF-OA categories (all < 0.001). Conclusions: Early intervention of elastic RET after TKR yielded positive postoperative outcomes based on the Brief-ICF-OA. The findings of this study may facilitate clinical decision-making regarding the optimal post-TKR rehabilitation strategy for older women with KOA.