覚醒剤使用障害者とヘロイン使用障害者の低周波揺らぎの振幅の違い。安静時fMRI研究

Differences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation between methamphetamine and heroin use disorder individuals: A resting-state fMRI study.

• Yan Liu
• Jia Zhu
• Qiang Li
• Yarong Wang
• Yongbin Li
• Jiajie Chen
• Shan Dang
• Jing Chen
• Hong Shi
• Jiuhua Xue
• Wei Li
• Wei Wang

抄録

はじめに:

覚せい剤は、中国で最も多く乱用されている薬物としてヘロインを抜いている。ヘロインと覚せい剤の両方の使用はドーパミン経路の機能不全を介して使用障害を引き起こすが、覚せい剤乱用による精神障害の発生率はヘロイン乱用による精神障害の発生率よりも高い。ヘロイン使用障害（HUD）と覚醒剤使用障害（MAUD）の安静時機能の違いや、安静時機能とMAUDに関連する精神障害との関係は不明である。

INTRODUCTION: Methamphetamine has surpassed heroin as the most popular abused drug in China. Although the use of both heroin and methamphetamine leads to use disorders through dysfunction of the dopamine pathway, the incidence of psychiatric disorder caused by methamphetamine abuse is higher than the incidence of psychiatric disorder caused by heroin abuse. The difference in resting-state function between heroin use disorder (HUD) and methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) and the relationship between resting-state function and psychiatric disorder related to MAUD are unknown.

方法:

本研究では、MAUDを有する男性21名、HUDを有する男性21名、および正常対照者（NC）21名を募集した。安静時脳機能における低周波ゆらぎ（ALFF）の振幅を磁気共鳴画像法で測定した。精神状態はSymptom Checklist-90（SCL90）で評価した。

METHODS: In the present study, 21 male individuals with MAUD, 21 demographically matched individuals with HUD, and 21 normal controls (NC) were recruited. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) during resting-state brain function was measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatric status was evaluated by the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL90).

結果:

MAUDを有する個体では、不安、被害妄想、追加項目のSCL90スコアがNCと比較して増加し、敵意スコアはHUDを有する個体と比較して有意に増加していた。HUD者とNC者の間には有意差はなかった。MAUD者は、視床、右後頭葉、右下側頭葉ではNC者に比べてALFFが増加していたが、小脳では減少していた。HUD者は左中前頭回のALFFがNC者に比べて有意に増加したが、左後頭回のALFFは減少した。MAUDは視床、右下側頭回、両側後頭回でHUDと比較してALFFが有意に増加し、小脳と左中前頭回のALFFが有意に増加していた。

RESULTS: Individuals with MAUD had increased SCL90 scores compared to those of the NC for anxiety, paranoia, and additional items, and the hostility score was significantly increased compared to that of individuals with HUD. There is no significant difference between HUD and NC individuals. Individuals with MAUD had increased ALFF compared to those of the NC for thalamus, right postcentral, and right inferior temporal gyri, but a decreased ALFF in the cerebellum. Individuals with HUD had significantly increased ALFF compared to those of the NC for left middle frontal gyrus but a decreased ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus. Individuals with MAUD had significantly increased ALFF compared to those of the HUD for thalamus, the right inferior temporal, and bilateral postcentral gyri, and the ALFF of cerebellum and left middle frontal was significantly increased.

結論:

覚せい剤はヘロインよりも重篤な精神障害を誘発する可能性がある。気分調整に関わる安静時機能、聴覚、記憶に関わる脳領域がMAUDに関連する精神病症状に影響を与える可能性がある。

CONCLUSIONS: Methamphetamine can induce more serious psychiatric disorders than heroin. The resting-state function involved in mood adjustment, the auditory, and memory-related brain regions may affect psychotic symptoms related to MAUD.

© 2020 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.