Tension Experience Induced By Nested Structures In Music

Tension Experience Induced By Nested Structures In Music.

• Lijun Sun
• Chen Feng
• Yufang Yang

抄録

緊張体験は、音楽の感情の基礎となる。音楽では、離散的な要素は常に複雑な入れ子構造に編成されて感情を伝える。しかし、音楽の緊張体験が入れ子構造の中でどのように処理されているのかは不明な点が多い。本研究では、連続的な緊張度評価課題と脳波（EEG）を同時に用いて、入れ子構造によって誘発される緊張体験とその根底にある神経機構を調べた。30名の音楽家に、非入れ子構造、一重入れ子構造、二重入れ子構造の音楽コラールを聴かせ、リアルタイムの緊張体験を評価してもらった。行動データから、入れ子構造によって誘発された緊張体験は、非入れ子構造に比べて変動が大きく、その違いは緊張の解消よりも緊張の誘発過程に現れていた。しかし、脳波データからは、入れ子構造では非入れ子構造に比べて終止和音でより大きな後期正成分（LPC）が誘発されることが示され、長距離構造依存の認知統合の違いを反映していると考えられました。このように、解決経験と神経反応の不一致は、感情と認知の間に非平行な関係があることを明らかにした。さらに、二重入れ子構造によって誘発されたLPCは、一重入れ子構造に比べて頭皮の分布が小さく、二重入れ子構造の処理がより困難であることが示された。これらの結果から、入れ子構造によって誘発される動的な緊張体験と入れ子型の影響が明らかになり、音楽における構造と緊張の関係に新たな光が当てられた。

Tension experience is the basis for music emotion. In music, discrete elements are always organized into complex nested structures to convey emotion. However, the processing of music tension in the nested structure remains unknown. The present study investigated the tension experience induced by the nested structure and the underlying neural mechanisms, using a continuous tension rating task and electroencephalography (EEG) at the same time. Thirty musicians listened to music chorale sequences with non-nested, singly nested and doubly nested structures and were required to rate their real-time tension experience. Behavioral data indicated that the tension experience induced by the nested structure had more fluctuations than the non-nested structure, and the difference was mainly exhibited in the process of tension induction rather than tension resolution. However, the EEG data showed that larger late positive components (LPCs) were elicited by the ending chords in the nested structure compared with the non-nested structure, reflecting the difference in cognitive integration for long-distance structural dependence. The discrepancy between resolution experience and neural responses revealed the non-parallel relations between emotion and cognition. Furthermore, the LPC elicited by the doubly nested structure showed a smaller scalp distribution than the singly nested structure, indicating the more difficult processing of the doubly nested structure. These findings revealed the dynamic tension experience induced by the nested structure and the influence of nested type, shedding new light on the relationship between structure and tension in music.

Copyright © 2020 Sun, Feng and Yang.