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ラットの角膜、結膜、網膜における眼表面の都市粒子状物質への長期暴露と劇症的変化の発生率
Long-Term Exposure to Urban Particulate Matter on the Ocular Surface and the Incidence of Deleterious Changes in the Cornea, Conjunctiva and Retina in Rats.
PMID: 32674521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144976.
抄録
我々は、in vitroおよびin vivoにおいて、都市型粒子状物質（UPM）によって誘発される時間依存性の眼球変化を調査した。UPM処理はヒト角膜上皮細胞の遊走と生存を減少させた。フルオレセインスコアは、16週間のUPM塗布により一貫して増加した。2週間または4週間の1週間の安静は回復傾向を示したが、8週間の2週間の安静は変化を誘発しなかった。UPM処理は2週間で涙膜破断時間を減少させたが、その後は16週間まで維持された。安静にしても変化は見られなかった。UPM処理した眼では、2週間後には正常眼に比べて角膜上皮の厚さが増加したが、4週間後と8週間後には正常に戻り、16週間後には有意に減少した。上皮のアポトーシス細胞数は2週間で増加し、8週間を除いて一定であった。右眼の角膜におけるIL-6発現は16週間継続的に増加し，2週間の安静後8週間にのみ有意な回復が認められた。眼圧は12週目と16週目に右眼で有意に上昇した。UPMを眼球に局所的に塗布すると、眼球の様々な密接に関連した部分に劇症的な変化を誘発した。
We investigated the time-dependent deleterious ocular changes induced by urban particulate matter (UPM) in vitro and in vivo. UPM treatment decreased human corneal epithelial cell migration and survival. Fluorescein scores were consistently increased by UPM application for 16 weeks. One week of rest at 2 or 4 weeks led to a recovery trend, whereas two weeks of rest at 8 weeks induced no change. UPM treatment decreased the tear film break-up time at 2 weeks, which was thereafter maintained until 16 weeks. No changes were found after periods of rest. UPM-treated eyes exhibited greater corneal epithelium thickness than normal eyes at 2 weeks, which recovered to normal at 4 and 8 weeks and was significantly decreased at 16 weeks. Apoptotic cell number in the epithelium was increased at 2 weeks, which remained constant except at 8 weeks. IL-6 expression in the cornea of the right eye continually increased for 16 weeks, and significant recovery was only observed at 8 weeks after 2 weeks of rest. Ocular pressure was significantly increased in the right eye at 12 and 16 weeks. Topical UPM application to the eye induced deleterious changes to various closely related parts of the eye.