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産科性静脈血栓塞栓症:エジプトの第三次病院における1年間の前向き研究
Obstetric venous thromboembolism: a one-year prospective study in a tertiary hospital in Egypt.
PMID: 32674652 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1793316.
抄録
背景と目的:
産科性静脈血栓塞栓症(VTE)は生命を脅かす重荷であり、過去数十年の間に発生率が増加しており、妊産婦の罹患率と死亡率の主要な原因の一つである。本研究の目的は,第三次病院の妊娠中および周産期に VTE のリスクがある女性を対象に,1 年間の VTE の発生率,受けた予防薬の種類,予防薬を決定する要因を評価することであった.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obstetric venous thromboembolism (VTE) poses a life-threating burden and it is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality with an increased incidence throughout the last decades. The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence of VTE, types of prophylaxis received, and factors determining prophylaxis in women at VTE risk during pregnancy and puerperium at a tertiary hospital for 1 year.
方法:
本研究は、2018年6月から2019年6月までの期間にエジプトのMinia産科大学病院で実施されたプロスペクティブ研究である。本研究では、RCOGガイドラインに従ってVTEのリスクで病院に通院していた女性を対象とした。全病歴、患者の特徴、VTE危険因子を評価した。
METHODS: This is a prospective study that was carried out at Minia maternity university hospital, Egypt during the period from June 2018 to June 2019. The study included women attended the hospital at risk of VTE as per the RCOG guidelines. Full history, patient characteristics, and VTE risk factors were assessed.
結果:
研究期間中、合計901人の女性が病院に通院し、VTEのリスクがあると認識された(妊娠中の298例、胎児期の603例)が、そのうち約半数は軽度の強度であった。これらは調査期間中の分娩総数(=10,956 例)の 8.22%を占めていた。約3分の2(71.5%)が帝王切開分娩であった。下肢静脈瘤は209例(23.2%)、VTEの既往は189例(21.0%)、表在静脈血栓症の既往は240例(26.6%)、動脈虚血性イベントの既往は83例(9.2%)であった。大多数(99.6%)の患者が薬理学的予防を受けていた(55.6%が未分割ヘパリン、残りの43.9%がアスピリン)。VTEの発症は6例のみであり,発生率は0.55/1000人(0.055%)であった.肥満(BMI>30kg/m)および帝王切開分娩は、それぞれオッズ比1.68(95%CI、1.20-2.35、<.01)および2.05(95%CI、1.49-2.80、<.01)で、VTE予防を決定する有意な因子であった。
RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 901 women attended the hospital and perceived at risk of VTE (298 cases during pregnancy and 603 cases during puerperium), about half of them were mild in intensity. They comprise 8.22% of the total deliveries during the study period ( = 10,956). About two-thirds of them (71.5%) had a cesarean delivery. Varicose veins were found in 209 cases (23.2%), previous VTE in 189 cases (21.0%), previous superficial vein thrombosis was recorded in 240 cases (26.6%) and previous arterial ischemic events in 83 cases (9.2%). The vast majority of patients (99.6%) received the pharmacological type of prophylaxis (55.6% of them received unfractionated heparin and the rest of them 43.9% received Aspirin). Only six cases developed VTE from the total included cases with an incidence of 0.55/1000 maternities (0.055%). Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m) and cesarean delivery were significant factors that determine VTE prophylaxis with an odds ratio of 1.68 (95% CI, 1.20-2.35, < .01) and 2.05 (95% CI, 1.49-2.80, < .01), respectively.
結論:
VTEリスクを知覚した女性の発症率は8.22%で、そのうち約半数は軽度の強度であった。VTEのリスクは妊娠中よりも産後の方が高かった。VTEの発生率は、全妊婦1000人当たり0.55人(0.055%)であった。薬物学的なタイプの予防薬が優勢に使用されていた。肥満と帝王切開分娩がVTE予防を決定する重要な因子であった。
CONCLUSION: The incidence of women perceived at VTE risk was 8.22%, about half of them were mild in intensity. The risk of VTE was higher during the postpartum period than that during pregnancy. The incidence of VTE was 0.55/1000 overall maternities (0.055%). The pharmacological type of prophylaxis was the predominant used type. Obesity and cesarean delivery were significant factors determining VTE prophylaxis.