日本語AIでPubMedを検索
南エチオピアにおける妊娠第3期の身体活動レベルおよびその他の妊産婦の特徴、およびその関連性。プロスペクティブ・コホート研究
Level of physical activity and other maternal characteristics during the third trimester of pregnancy and its association with birthweight at term in South Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study.
PMID: 32687541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236136.
抄録
出生体重は引き続き乳幼児の健康指標の主要なものであり、乳幼児の健康政策の主要な焦点となっている。ほとんどの低所得国では、低出生体重児は死亡率と罹患率のリスクが高い。しかし、エチオピアでは、妊婦の身体活動レベルと低出生体重児との関連については十分に研究されていない。このようなギャップに対処するために、南エチオピアにおいて、第3期の妊婦の身体活動レベルとその他の特徴、およびそれと出産時の出生体重との関連を調査することを目的とした。妊娠第3期の女性247名を対象に、地域に根ざした前向きコホート研究を実施した。様々なカテゴリーの活動の種類とレベルを含む Global Physical Activity Questionnaire を用いて身体活動レベルを測定した。母親の体格測定は標準的な手順に従って行い、出産後 72 時間以内に出生体重を記録した。身体活動レベルと他の母親の特徴が低出生体重に及ぼす影響を特定するために、多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行った。全体では,111人(47.2%)の母親が第3期に精力的な身体活動に従事していた.低出生体重児の発生率は,精力的な身体活動を行った母親の新生児では21.6%,中等度・低運動を行った母親の新生児では9.68%であった。妊娠後期における低出生体重児の発生率は、妊娠第3期の活発な身体活動[調整オッズ比(AOR)=2.48;95%信頼区間(CI):1.01~6.09]、長時間の立位[AOR=3.37;95%CI:1.14~9.93]、スクワット[AOR=2.61;95%CI:1.04~6.54)]と有意に関連していた。妊婦の大多数は、妊娠第3期に活発な身体活動に従事していた。精力的な身体活動の従事、長時間の立ち仕事、スクワットは、妊娠後期の低出生体重の主な要因であった。そのため、第3期の妊婦に対しては、積極的な身体活動、立ち仕事、スクワットを減らすためのカウンセリングを重点的に行うべきであると考えられた。
Birthweight continues to be the leading infant health indicator and the main focus of infant health policy. Low birthweight babies are at a higher risk of mortality and morbidity in most low-income countries. However, the physical activity level of pregnant women and its association with low birthweight is not well studied in Ethiopia. To address the above gap, we aimed to examine the maternal physical activity level and other characteristics during the third trimester and its association with birthweight at term in South Ethiopia. A community-based prospective cohort study was conducted among 247 randomly selected women in their third trimester of pregnancy. We measured the physical activity level using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, which included the type and level of various categories of activities. Anthropometric measurements of mothers were taken following standard procedures, and birthweight was recorded within 72 hours of delivery. To identify the effect of physical activity level and other maternal characteristics on low birthweight, we performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Overall, 111 (47.2%) mothers were engaged in vigorous physical activities during third trimester. The incidence of low birthweight was 21.6% and 9.68% among newborns of mothers who engaged in vigorous and moderate or low physical activity, respectively. The incidence of low birthweight at term was significantly associated with vigorous physical activity [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-6.09], prolonged standing [AOR = 3.37; 95% CI: 1.14-9.93], and squatting [AOR = 2.61; 95% CI: 1.04-6.54)] during the third trimester of pregnancy. The vast majority of pregnant women were engaged in vigorous physical activities in their third trimester. Engagement in vigorous physical activity, standing for longer hours, and squatting were the major contributors to low birthweight at term. Hence, focused counseling should be conducted to reduce vigorous physical activity, standing, and squatting during the third trimester among pregnant women.