中国青島市におけるCOVID-19確定患者と接触した家庭人のCOVID-19発生に関連する危険因子を検討した

Risk factors associated with occurrence of COVID-19 among household persons exposed to patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Qingdao Municipal, China.

• Hualei Xin
• Fachun Jiang
• Aili Xue
• Jiwei Liang
• Jingfei Zhang
• Feng Yang
• Yalin Han

抄録

中国におけるコロナウイルス疾患2019（COVID-19）のアウトブレイクを抑制するために、親密な接触者の追跡と隔離が行われている。しかし、親密接触者間での COVID-19 の発生に関連する危険因子は十分に記述されていない。本研究では 106 例の家庭内接触者を対象とし、そのうち 19 例が COVID-19 症例に発症し、二次発症率は 17.9％であった。多変量解析の結果、指標患者の女性（調整後ハザード比［aHR］＝3.84、95％CI＝1.07-13.78）、指標患者の重症度（［aHR］＝7.58、95％CI＝1.66-34.66）、指標患者との有効接触時間が2日以上（［aHR］＝4.21、95％CI＝1.21）と関連した家庭内接触者におけるCOVID-19発症リスクの増加が示された。指標となるCOVID-19患者の性と重症度、およびCOVID-19確定症例とのより長い有効接触期間は、疫学者が家庭内の接触者の中からCOVID-19症例の可能性を早期に特定するのに役立つ可能性がある。

Tracing and isolation of close contacts is used to control outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. However, risk factors associated with occurrence of COVID-19 among close contacts have not been well described. 106 household contacts were included in this study, of whom 19 were developed into COVID-19 cases and the secondary attack rate was 17.9%. Multivariable analysis showed increasing risk of occurrence of COVID-19 among household contacts associated with female of index patients (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] = 3.84, 95%CI = 1.07-13.78), critical disease of index patients ([aHR] = 7.58, 95%CI = 1.66-34.66), effective contact duration with index patients >2 days ([aHR] = 4.21, 95%CI = 1.29-13.73), and effective contact duration >11 days ([aHR] = 17.88, 95%CI = 3.26-98.01).The sex and disease severity of index COVID-19 patients, and longer effective contact duration with COVID-19 confirmed cases could help epidemiologists to identify potential COVID-19 case among household contacts at an early stage.

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