子供のスペースロスに関する認知的調査と分析

[Cognitive investigation and analysis of space loss in children].

抄録

目的:

子どものスペースロスに対する親の認知の差とその影響因子を調査し、子どもの口腔保健教育の参考とし、不正咬合の発生率を低下させることを目的とする。

PURPOSE: To investigate the difference of parent's cognition of children's space loss and its influencing factors, to provide reference for children's oral health education, in order to reduce the incidence of malocclusion.

方法:

スペースロス治療を受けた子どもを持つ36名の親の基本情報と関連する問題を調査するために、自分でデザインした質問票を使用した。統計解析にはSPSS 22.0を使用した。

METHODS: A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information and related problems of 36 parents whose children received space loss treatment. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.

結果:

保護者は子どもの一般的な口腔問題に関心が高く、口腔の予防や健康管理に対する意識は弱く、予防よりも治療への関心が高かった。スペースロスによる不正咬合の認知および治療に対する保護者の意識は低く（27.78％），う蝕（75.00％）および乳歯早期喪失（63.89％）と有意に異なっていた．スペースロスに対する認知度は61.11％であった．両親の認知度は，50歳以上では14.29％と低く，高学歴では82.35％と高かった．保護者は子どもの基本的な口腔の健康状態により注意を払っており、今回の受診から前回の受診までの間隔は3ヶ月が多かった（63.89％）。受診の主な目的は、う蝕またはう蝕による歯の痛みであった（63.89％）。スペースロスの弊害を知らない保護者が多かった（72.22％）．スペースロスに対する治療の必要性を知らない保護者が多かった（58.33％）．保護者は主に歯科受診時の医師からの教育によってスペースロスに対する治療法を学んだ(72.22%)。スペースロス発生時の積極的な受診は少なく（22.22％）、受診時に歯科医師から勧められることがほとんどであった（72.22％）。また、スペースロスの治療に関して歯科医師のアドバイスを受け入れることができた保護者は77.78％であった。

RESULTS: Parents paid more attention to the common oral problems of their children, the awareness of oral prevention and health care were weak, the attention to treatment was higher than that of prevention. The attitude of parents to the cognition and targeted treatment of malocclusion caused by space loss was low(27.78%), which was significantly different from that of caries (75.00%) and premature loss of deciduous teeth (63.89%). The total cognition of space loss was 61.11%. The cognitive degree of parents with different characteristics was different: the cognitive degree of parents over 50 years old was lower(14.29%), the cognitive degree of parents with higher education was higher(82.35%), there was no significant difference in cognitive degree among different gender, occupation and family monthly income groups. Parents paid more attention to the basic oral health of their children, most of the interval time between this visit and the last visit was 3 months(63.89%). The main purpose of the visit was caries or tooth pain caused by caries(63.89%). Most of parents did not know the harmful effect of space loss(72.22%). There were more parents who did not know the necessity of treatment to space loss(58.33%). Parents mainly learned the treatment to space loss through the doctor's education during dental visits(72.22%). The number of active visits were less when space loss occured(22.22%), and most of parents were recommended by dentist when they came to the clinics(72.22%). Most parents were able to accept the dentists' advice on the treatment of space loss(77.78%).

結論:

口腔健康教育ケアの宣伝、カバー率、深さを強化し、口腔予防健康ケアの意識を強化し、特に特別な性格を持つ親にスペースロスの重要性を伝え、乳歯う蝕と乳歯の早期喪失を予防し、デンタルスペースの喪失を回避し、完全な乳歯列を正常な永久歯列に形成することが必要である。

CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda, coverage and depth of oral health education care, strengthen the awareness of oral preventive health care, especially for the parents with special personality on the importance of space loss, to prevent primary teeth caries and premature loss of primary teeth, avoid the loss of dental space, make the complete primary dentition to form a normal permanent dentition.