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頭頸部がん患者の歯の喪失に対する放射線の影響:線量計を用いたレトロスペクティブな研究
Impact of radiation on tooth loss in patients with head and neck cancer: a retrospective dosimetric-based study.
PMID: 34366269
抄録
目的:
頭頸部放射線治療(HNRT)後の歯の有害事象の特徴を明らかにし、歯の喪失結果に及ぼす局所放射線量の影響を調査すること。
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the dental adverse events after head and neck radiation therapy (HNRT) and to investigate the impact of regional radiation dose upon tooth loss outcomes.
研究デザイン:
HNRT後の抜歯に影響を与える歯科的事象と、3種類の放射線量(30Gy未満、30~60Gy、60Gy以上)が歯の喪失に与える影響を評価するために、線量計を用いたレトロスペクティブな分析を行った。さらに、HNRT後の抜歯の結果、耳下腺の平均線量と唾液の変化についても分析した。
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective dosimetric-based analysis was conducted to assess dental events affecting post-HNRT extracted teeth and the impact of 3 different radiation doses (<30 Gy, 30-60 Gy, and >60 Gy) upon tooth loss. In addition, post-HNRT extractions outcomes and mean parotid glands dosimetry and salivary changes were analyzed.
結果:
HNRTを受けた66人の患者が分析対象となった。放射線虫歯はHNRT後の歯科有害事象の中で最も頻度が高く(67.8%)、腫瘍と同側の上顎臼歯は他の臼歯と比較して早く失われた(P < 0.001)。HNRT後の抜歯リスクのオッズ比は、60Gy以上の線量を受けた歯で約3倍高く(信頼区間、1.56-5.35;P < 0.001)、次いで50Gy以上の線量を受けた部位では治癒遅延と骨頭壊死(ORN)のリスクが高かった。
RESULTS: Sixty-six patients who underwent HNRT were included in the analysis. Radiation caries was the most frequent (67.8%) post-HNRT dental adverse event, and maxillary molars ipsilateral to the tumor were lost earlier compared with the others (P < .001). The odds ratio for post-HNRT tooth extraction risk was approximately 3-fold higher for teeth exposed to >60 Gy (confidence interval, 1.56-5.35; P < .001), followed by an increased risk of delayed healing and osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in sites receiving doses above 50 Gy.
結論:
放射線う蝕はHNRT後の抜歯の主な原因であり、線量分析では、高線量の放射線が頭頸部がん生存者の歯列に悪影響を及ぼし、歯の喪失およびORNのリスクを増加させる可能性が示唆された。
CONCLUSIONS: Radiation caries was the major cause of dental extractions after HNRT, and the dosimetric analysis suggested that a high dose of radiation may negatively impact the dentition of survivors of head and neck cancer, increasing the risk of tooth loss and ORN.