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COVID-19後の歯科医療サービスの回復。レーザー光散乱による休眠時間の決定
Restoration of dental services after COVID-19: The fallow time determination with laser light scattering.
PMID: 34540565
抄録
やがて、歯科医療は救急医療にとどまらず、口腔内疾患の治療へと徐々に広がりを見せています。歯科手術における交差感染のリスクをどのように軽減するかは、より大きな関心を集めています。休眠時間(FT)の必要性と期間に一貫性がないことを考慮し、歯科手術環境における浮遊粒子の空気中寿命と腐敗率を可視化するために、高感度レーザー光散乱法が提案されています。FTは,エアロゾル発生処置(AGP)後に,次の患者が安全に入室できるレベルまで浮遊粒子数が減少したときと定義される.毎時6回の換気(ACH)を行う模擬実験用歯科医院で超音波スケーリングを行い,高速度カメラで液滴の瞬間的な動きを記録した.緩和策を講じない場合、6ACHの単一歯科手術環境における推定FTは27-35minの範囲となり、1日の歯科診療回数に大きく影響することがわかった。大量排気(HVE [IO])の協力によっても,FT を 0 分にすることはできないが,この装置によって,浮遊粒子がベースラインレベルを下回る場合に必要な FT を 3~11 分減少させることができた.浮遊粒子の空気中での寿命が長いため,歯科手術では関連する保護具,特に呼吸保護具が極めて重要である.本研究で得られた結果は、歯科手術ガイドラインの改訂版 FT を確立し、都市生活者の健康と福祉を守るための証拠となるであろう。
In time, dental health care has slowly expanded beyond emergency treatment to treat oral diseases. How to reduce the cross-transmission risk in dental surgery has raised much more attention. Considering the lack of consistency of fallow time (FT) in its necessity and duration, the highly sensitive laser light scattering method has been proposed to visualize the airborne lifetime and decay rate of suspended particles in the dental surgery environment. The FT is defined as when the number of suspended particles drops to the level that the next patient can safely enter after the aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs). The ultrasonic scaling was performed in the mock-up experimental dental clinic with 6 air changes per hour (ACH), and the instantaneous moments of the droplets were recorded by a high-speed camera. Without any mitigation measures, the estimated FT in the single dental surgery environment with 6 ACH was in the range of 27-35 min, significantly affecting the number of daily dental services. Despite the cooperation of high-volume evacuation (HVE [IO]) cannot eliminate the FT to zero minutes, the equipment could reduce the required FT by 3-11 min for the suspended particles reducing the baseline levels. Owing to the longer airborne lifetime of suspended particles, the relevant protection equipment, especially respiratory protection, is quite essential in dental surgery. The obtained results of this study will provide evidence to establish the revised FT in dental surgery guidelines and protect the health and wellbeing of urban dwellers.