COVID-19患者におけるアクリル樹脂製可撤式義歯床のウイルス汚染。横断的研究．

Viral contamination of acrylic resin removable denture bases in patients with COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

抄録

問題提起:

唾液腺管は，重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス2の主要な標的の一つである．さらに，唾液には小唾液腺分泌物と大唾液腺分泌物，鼻咽頭分泌物と肺分泌物の組み合わせが含まれている。また，総入れ歯や部分入れ歯のアクリル樹脂床には気孔があり，微生物の繁殖に適した環境となっている。

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Salivary gland ducts are one of the primary targets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Moreover, saliva contains minor and major salivary gland secretions and a combination of nasopharyngeal and lung secretions. The acrylic resin bases of complete or partial removable dentures have pores and provide a favorable environment for the growth of microorganisms.

目的:

本横断研究の目的は，コロナウイルス感染症2019（COVID-19）患者におけるアクリル樹脂製の取り外し可能な義歯床のウイルス汚染の有無を調査することである。

PURPOSE: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the presence of viral contamination of acrylic resin removable denture bases in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

材料および方法:

イラン・マザンダラン州GhaemshahrにあるRazi病院の感染症科で治療を受けたCOVID-19患者29名のアクリル樹脂製義歯床（部分および総義歯）を評価した。試料は，直接スワッブとコーディングにより人工関節の凹面から採取し，実験室でコロナウイルスの有無を評価した．院内ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応（PCR）と義歯PCRとの関係，および義歯の種類と義歯PCRとの関係をフィッシャー正確検定で評価した（α＝.05）．

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The acrylic resin denture bases (partial and complete) of 29 patients with COVID-19 who underwent treatment in the Infectious Diseases Department of Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr, Mazandaran, Iran, were evaluated. Samples were collected from the intaglio surface of the prostheses by direct swabbing and coding and were evaluated in a laboratory for the presence or absence of coronavirus. The relationship between hospital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denture PCR and the relationship between denture type and denture PCR were evaluated with the Fisher exact test (α=.05).

結果:

年齢55～85歳，女性18名，部分床義歯3名，総床義歯26名，計29名の患者を対象とした．院内PCR検査では28名が陽性であったが，義歯PCR検査では4名が陽性であった。COVID-19患者の院内PCR検査と義歯PCR検査の結果には，有意な関係は認められなかった（P=.138）．義歯PCR検査が陽性となった4名の患者はすべて総義歯を装着していた。COVID-19患者における義歯の種類と義歯PCR検査結果との間には，有意な関係は認められなかった（P=1.000）．

RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients, age range 55 to 85 years, 18 women, 3 with partial dentures and 26 with complete dentures, were evaluated. The hospital PCR test was positive in 28 patients, while the denture PCR test was positive in 4 patients. No significant relationship was observed between the results of hospital PCR and denture PCR in patients with COVID-19 (P=.138). All 4 patients who tested positive for denture PCR had complete dentures. No significant relationship was found between denture type and denture PCR test results in patients with COVID-19 (P=1.000).

結論:

アクリル樹脂床が微多孔質構造であるにもかかわらず，統計的に有意なウイルス汚染は認められなかった．

CONCLUSIONS: Despite the microporous structure of the acrylic resin base, no statistically significant viral contamination was observed.