12～14歳の小学生を対象とした口腔衛生指標と口腔衛生に影響を及ぼす日常生活動作との関連性の検討

Exploring associations between oral health measures and oral health-impacted daily performances in 12-14-year-old schoolchildren.

抄録

背景:

口腔保健関連 QOL は歯科医学において重要なテーマであり、これまでにも多くの研究がなされてきた。しかし、自己認識と臨床的な口腔保健の指標との比較は、まだ検討されていない。本研究の目的は，第一に，日常生活における口腔への影響に関連する自己認識と臨床的な口腔保健指標を報告することである．第二に，口腔内インパクトの大きさを最もよく予測する口腔保健指標を同定することである．第三に、疾患経験尺度と治療尺度に関連する所見の差異を調査することである。

BACKGROUND: Oral health-related quality of life, a prominent topic in dentistry, has been studied extensively. However, the comparison between various self-perceived and clinical oral health measures still needs to be explored. The purpose of the current study is; first, to report the self-perceived and clinically examined oral health measures that are associated with the oral impacts on daily performances. Second, to identify the oral health measure that best predicts greater oral impact scores. Third, to investigate the difference in findings related to the disease experience measures and the treatment measures.

方法:

12～14 歳の小児を対象とした横断研究を実施した。日常生活における各パフォーマンスの有病率、頻度、口腔内影響スコアを算出した。13 の自己認識 OH 状態を評価した．口腔衛生状態には，歯肉の健康状態，口腔衛生状態，DMFT，DT，MT，FTスコア，1本以上の虫歯（1+D），欠損（1+M），充填（1+F）を含む臨床検査値を使用した．単純線形回帰および重回帰を行い、関連性を報告した。

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on children aged 12-14 years. The prevalence, frequency, and oral impact scores of each daily performance were calculated. Thirteen self-perceived OH conditions were assessed. Clinically examined oral health measures included gingival health, oral hygiene status, DMFT, DT, MT, and FT scores and, one or more decay (1 + D), missing (1 + M) and filled (1 + F) teeth. Simple linear and multiple linear regressions were carried out to report the associations.

結果:

少なくとも1つの口腔衛生に影響する日常生活が、全サンプル（N=700）の40%から報告された。調整回帰係数（RC）の大きさと精度に基づき、虫歯の重症度（DT）は、回帰係数の値が0.3（社会的接触）から2.4（1+パフォーマンス）の間で、より大きな口腔内影響スコアのより良い予測因子として同定された。逆に，DMFT の MT と FT の構成要素は，より低い口腔内影響スコアと関連した．自己認識指標も口腔内影響スコアと関連しており、臨床的口腔衛生指標と同様の所見を示した。

RESULTS: At least one oral health impacted daily performance was reported by 40% of the total sample of schoolchildren (N = 700). Based on the magnitude and precision of adjusted regression coefficients (RC), decay severity (DT) was identified as a better predictor of a greater oral impact score with regression coefficient values ranging between 0.3 (social contact) and 2.4 (1 + performance). Contrariwise, MT and FT components of DMFT were associated with lower oral impact scores. The self-perceived measures were also associated with oral impact scores and presented similar findings to that of the clinical oral health measures.

結論:

未処置の虫歯は，日常生活動作，特に食事，睡眠，勉強，社会的接触に大きな影響を与える．本結果は，公衆衛生担当者が子どもの口腔衛生問題を報告，治療，予防し，最終的に口腔衛生関連の QOL の向上に寄与する上で重要である．

CONCLUSIONS: Untreated decay significantly impacted daily performances, especially eating, sleeping, studying, and social contact. The findings are of importance to public health practitioners for reporting, treating, and preventing oral health problems in children, and eventually contributing to better oral health-related quality of life.