COVID-19パンデミック時のドライアイ患者の不安と抑うつ。精神状態の調査および影響因子分析

Anxiety and depression in dry eye patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mental state investigation and influencing factor analysis.

抄録

目的:

COVID-19流行時のドライアイ（DE）患者の不安・抑うつ状態を調査し、その影響因子を分析する。

Objective: Investigate the anxiety and depression states among dry eye (DE) patients during the COVID-19 outbreak and analyze their influence factors.

方法:

2021年3月から4月にかけて、中国天津市の三次眼科病院にて調査を行った。DE患者428人を対象に、Ocular Surface Disease Index、Short Healthy Anxiety Inventory、Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale、Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indexの検査を実施した。記述統計学は、異なるグループ間のうつ病または不安を持つDEの違いを評価するために使用されました。また、重回帰分析を用いて、DE患者の不安と抑うつに影響を与える因子を探索した。

Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary eye hospital in Tianjin, China from March-April 2021. Four hundred twenty-eight DE patients were tested with the Ocular Surface Disease Index, Short Healthy Anxiety Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the difference between DE with depression or anxiety among different groups. And multiple linear regression was used to explore factors that influence anxiety and depression in DE patients.

結果:

COVID-19期間中のDE患者における不安およびうつ病の発生率は、それぞれ27.34％および26.87％であった。不安と抑うつが共存する割合は24.30％であった。患者の教育レベル（= -3.001, < 0.05; = -3.631, < 0.05）, 疾患経過（= 2.341, < 0.05; = 2.444, < 0.05）, 健康不安（=3.015, < 0.05; = 2.731, < 0.05）、主観的睡眠の質（= 3.610, < 0.05; = 4.203, < 0.05）は不安と抑うつに一定の影響を及ぼした。

Results: The incidence rates of anxiety and depression among DE patients during COVID-19 were 27.34 and 26.87%, respectively. The proportion with comorbid anxiety and depression was 24.30%. Patients' education level ( = -3.001, < 0.05; = -3.631, < 0.05), course of disease ( = 2.341, < 0.05; = 2.444, < 0.05), health anxiety ( = 3.015, < 0.05; = 2.731, < 0.05), and subjective sleep quality ( = 3.610, < 0.05; = 4.203, < 0.05) had certain influences on anxiety and depression.

結論:

DE患者の自覚症状は、うつ病や不安症に関連していることが示された。高学歴、罹病期間の短さ、健康不安レベルの低さ、主観的睡眠の質の良さは、DE患者の抑うつ症状および不安症状の軽減と関連していた。これらの知見は、COVID-19流行時のDEの治療や予防に有益であると考えられる。

Conclusion: The results showed that subjective symptoms of DE patients were related to depression and anxiety. Higher education, shorter disease duration, lower health anxiety levels, and better subjective sleep quality were associated with the reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms in DE patients. These findings could be deemed beneficial to the treatment and prevention of DE during the COVID-19 epidemic.