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永久歯列におけるう蝕の疫学:エジプトにおける集団ベースの調査からのエビデンス
Epidemiology of dental caries in permanent dentition: evidence from a population-based survey in Egypt.
PMID: 36575430
抄録
背景:
口腔疾患と様々な慢性疾患との間に共通するリスク因子、および口腔衛生と持続可能な開発目標との間に交差点があることを認識し、今回の横断的研究は、う蝕の負担を定量化し、永久歯におけるう蝕の発生に関連する因子を特定するために計画された。
BACKGROUND: In recognition of the risk factors common between oral diseases and various chronic conditions and the intersection between oral health and some sustainable development goals, the current cross-sectional study was designed to quantify the burden of dental caries and identify factors associated with its occurrence in permanent teeth.
方法:
エジプトの人口ベースの調査(2013~2014年)のデータを用い、WHOの口腔保健調査の基本的な方法を用いて、個人レベルの2つのアウトカム、過去のう蝕経験(DMFT>0)と未治療のう蝕病変の有無(DT>0)を評価した。社会人口統計学的特性、フッ素添加水への曝露、歯科通院、歯科不安などの潜在的説明変数に関する情報は、構造化質問票を用いて収集した。調査参加者の募集には、層化多段クラスター無作為抽出を用いた。多変量ロジスティック回帰を行い、エジプト人の永久歯列におけるう蝕の有意な潜在的危険因子を同定した。
METHODS: Using data from Egypt's population-based survey (2013-2014), two individual-level outcomes; past caries experience (DMFT > 0) and presence of untreated carious lesions (DT > 0) were assessed using the WHO basic methods for oral health surveys. Information on potential explanatory variables including sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to fluoridated water, dental attendance, and dental anxiety was gathered using a structured questionnaire. Stratified multistage cluster random sampling was used to recruit survey participants. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant potential risk factors for caries in the permanent dentition of Egyptians.
調査結果:
合計9,457人の参加者が含まれ、そのうち70.3%が少なくとも1つの未処置のう蝕病変を有していた。すべての共変量で調整した結果、無歯顎のエジプト人は永久歯列のう蝕経験オッズがDMFT>0(OR 1.54、95%CI [1.20-1.98])、DT>0(OR 1.62、95%CI [1.32-2.00])と有意に高かった。しかし、男性は女性と比較して、う蝕リスクDMFT>0(OR 0.75、95%CI [0.67-0.85])、DT>0(OR 0.81、95%CI [0.73-0.89])が有意に低かった。年齢に関しては、平均DMFTスコアは、60歳以上よりも6-15歳(OR 0.03、95%CI [0.014; 0.082])、16-20歳(OR 0.09、95%CI [0.037; 0.23])、21-35歳(OR 0.22、95%CI [0.09; 0.53])で有意に低かった。
FINDINGS: A total of 9,457 participants were included of which 70.3% had at least one untreated carious lesion. After adjusting for all covariates, analphabetic Egyptians were found to have significantly higher odds of caries experience in permanent dentition DMFT > 0 (OR 1.54, 95% CI [1.20-1.98]), DT > 0 (OR 1.62, 95% CI [1.32-2.00]). Males, however, had significantly lower caries risk DMFT > 0 (OR 0.75, 95% CI [0.67-0.85]), DT > 0 (OR 0.81, 95% CI [0.73-0.89]) when compared to females. Regarding age, mean DMFT scores were significantly lower in age groups (6-15 years) (OR 0.03, 95% CI [0.014; 0.082]), (16- 20 years) (OR 0.09, 95% CI [0.037; 0.23]), and (21-35 years) (OR 0.22, 95% CI [0.09; 0.53]) than among people ≥ 60 years.
結論:
エジプト人の未処置う蝕の負担を軽減するためには、個人レベルのう蝕リスク因子への対処に加え、上流因子への対処も必要である。
CONCLUSION: Addressing individual-level caries risk factors should be complemented by addressing upstream factors to reduce burden of untreated dental caries among Egyptians.