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愛知県における17~23ヵ月児の幼児う蝕に関連する因子:横断的研究
Factors Related to Early Childhood Caries in 17- to 23-Month-Old Children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
PMID: 36626885
抄録
う蝕は慢性口腔疾患の中で最も罹患率の高い疾患である。われわれは、愛知県の生後17~23ヵ月の小児における幼児う蝕(ECC)に関連する小児および親の因子を調査した。生後18ヵ月時に健康診査を受けた61,714人の小児のうち、54,206人(男性27,860人、女性26,346人)を解析対象とした。子どもの親は、子どもの食習慣や生活習慣、親の生活習慣や育児要因に関する項目からなる自記式質問票に回答した。ECCを従属変数としてロジスティック回帰分析を行い、オッズ比(OR)と95%信頼区間(CI)を算出した。ECCの有病率は0.8%であった。多変量解析では、甘味飲料を毎日摂取する小児および間食を頻繁にとる小児は、ECCのORが有意に高かった:それぞれ1.29(95%CI:1.05-1.59)および1.49(95%CI:1.15-1.91)。就寝前の授乳と哺乳瓶による授乳は、ECCの高いORと有意に関連していた:それぞれ4.88(95%CI:4.01-5.94)および2.31(95%CI:1.72-3.10)。朝食を毎日食べないことと就寝時間が遅いことは、ECCの高いORと関連していた:それぞれ1.41(95%CI:1.02-1.96)および1.31(95%CI:1.05-1.64)。父親が喫煙者である小児では、そうでない小児に比べてECCのORが有意に高かった:1.44(95%CI:1.18-1.76)。ECCのORは、育児アドバイザーのいない子どもで、育児アドバイザーのいる子どもより有意に高かった:1.67(95%CI:1.06-2.65)であった。予防接種を受けていない子どもは、受けている子どもに比べてECCのORが有意に高かった:1.49(95%信頼区間:1.14-1.94)であった。これらの結果は、子どもの生活習慣に関する親の指導を充実させ、子育てについて相談できる環境を作ることの重要性を示唆している。
Dental caries is the most prevalent of chronic oral conditions. We investigated child and parental factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC) in 17- to 23-month-old children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Of the 61,714 children who underwent a health examination at 18 months of age, 54,206 (27,860 males, 26,346 females) were included in the analysis. The parents of the children completed a self-administered questionnaire comprising items related to the child's eating habits and lifestyle and the parent's lifestyle and childcare factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed using ECC as the dependent variable, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The prevalence of ECC was 0.8%. In the multivariate analysis, children who consumed sweetened beverages daily and snacked frequently had significantly higher ORs for ECC: 1.29 (95% CI: 1.05-1.59) and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.15-1.91), respectively. Bedtime breastfeeding and bottle-feeding were significantly associated with higher ORs for ECC: 4.88 (95% CI: 4.01-5.94) and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.72-3.10), respectively. Not eating breakfast daily and late bedtime were associated with high ORs for ECC: 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02-1.96) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.05-1.64), respectively. The OR for ECC was significantly higher in children whose father was a smoker than in those whose father was not: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.18-1.76). The OR for ECC was significantly higher in children with no childcare adviser than in those with a childcare adviser: 1.67 (95% CI: 1.06-2.65). Children who had not been vaccinated had a significantly higher OR for ECC compared to children who had: 1.49 (95% CI: 1.14-1.94). These results imply the importance of enhancing parental guidance on the lifestyle habits of children and creating an environment in which parents can consult with others regarding parenting.