小児の顎関節機能障害の有病率と発症因子の関係

Relationship between pathogenic factors and the prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunctions in children.

抄録

目的:

本研究の目的は、精神発達遅滞（MDD）を有する小児および青年、児童養護施設に入所している同年齢の健常者、および家族における特定の病因と顎関節機能障害の有病率との関係を検討することである。

PURPOSE: The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between the certain pathogenic factors and the prevalence of functional disorders of TMJ in children and adolescents with mental development delay (MDD), in practically healthy persons of similar age living in children's homes and in a family.

方法:

本研究は、観察、体系化、分析、実験室で得られた結果の統合という方法を用いて実施された。

METHODS: The study was carried out using the method of observation, systematization, analysis and synthesis of the results obtained in the course of laboratory experiments.

結果:

顎関節症の症状には、下顎可動域の減少、筋肉や関節の痛み、関節のシビレ、顎の開口機能制限や偏位が含まれる。これらの症状は、MDDの小児および青年の40.1％、児童養護施設で生活する小児および青年の32.62％、家庭で生活する健常者の35.32％にみられ、その割合は加齢とともに増加した。女児に多くみられた。

RESULTS: Symptoms of TMD include decreased mandibular range of motion, muscle and joint pain, joint crepitus, and functional limitation or deviation of jaw opening. The mentioned symptoms were revealed in 40.1% of children and adolescents with MDD, less frequently in 32.62% of children and adolescents living in children's homes, and in 35.32% of practically healthy persons living in families and their rate increased with ageing. More often it was revealed in girls.

結論:

本研究の結果、著者らは、MDDの小児および青年では、顎関節機能不全の症状が健常者に比べてより頻繁に発生し、より早い年齢から始まっていることを明らかにした。

CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the study, the authors found that children and adolescents with MDD, symptoms of TMJ dysfunctions occur more often and begin at an earlier age than in practically healthy ones.