小児の抜歯、歯列の変化、不正咬合による咀嚼効率と拮抗接触回数の減少の関連性

Association of Masticatory Efficiency and Reduced Number of Antagonistic Contacts Due to Extraction, Changing Dentition or Malocclusion in Children.

抄録

背景:

抜歯や歯列の変化、不正咬合は、咬合接触面積を減少させ、咀嚼効率に悪影響を及ぼすことがあります。本研究の目的は、先に述べた要因に関連した咀嚼効率の違いを評価することである。

BACKGROUND: Tooth extraction, changing dentition and malocclusion can decrease area of occlusal contact and negatively affect masticatory efficiency. Aim of this study was to evaluate difference in masticatory efficiency in association with previously named factors.

材料と方法:

健康な歯列の小児（女児12名、男児12名、3～14歳）と抜歯、歯列の変化、不正咬合により拮抗接触が失われた小児（女児12名、男児12名、3～14歳）の間で光学走査法で求めた咀嚼効率のパラメータ（粒子数、平均直径、平均粒子表面）を横断的に比較検討しました。

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study masticatory efficiency parameters (number of particles, mean diameter and mean surface of particles) determined with optical scanning method were compared between children with healthy dentition (12 girls, 12 boys, age 3 to 14) and children with lost antagonistic contacts due to tooth extraction, changing dentition and malocclusions (12 girls, 12 boys, age 3 to 14).

結果:

咀嚼粒子数は健康な歯列の小児群で有意に多く（< 0.001）、咀嚼粒子の平均直径と表面はグループ2で有意に高い（< 0.001; < 0.001）。咬合接触喪失数は咀嚼効率パラメータと相関がない（= 0.464; = 0.483; = 0.489）．

RESULTS: Number of chewed particles is significantly higher in a group of children with healthy dentition ( < 0.001), and chewed particles' mean diameter and surface are significantly higher in the Group 2 ( < 0.001; < 0.001). Number of lost occlusal contacts is not in correlation with masticatory efficiency parameters (= 0.464; = 0.483; = 0.489).

結論:

拮抗接触が失われた小児は、完全歯列の小児と比較して咀嚼効率が低下しているが、接触喪失の病因については差がない。

CONCLUSIONS: Children with lost antagonistic contacts have an impaired masticatory efficiency in comparison to children with complete dentition, but there is no difference regarding the aetiology of contact loss.