健康な人の口唇・舌圧と口腔内構造物の機能性

Lip and Tongue pressure and the functionality of Orofacial structures in healthy individuals.

抄録

背景:

加齢に伴い、口唇、舌、頬の筋肉が変化し、その結果、口唇、舌、頬の強度と可動性が低下する。

BACKGROUND: With the aging process changes in the musculature of orofacial structures take place, consequently there is a reduction in the strength and mobility of the lips, tongue and cheeks.

目的:

本研究の目的は、高齢者と若年成人を対象に、口腔構造と咀嚼・嚥下機能の相関を調べ、これらの機能に対する口唇・舌圧の影響を確認することである。

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to correlate orofacial structures and chewing and swallowing functions among a group of senior citizens and young adults and check the influence of lip and tongue pressure of these functions.

方法:

本研究は、観察的、横断的、分析的な研究である。平均年齢67.13歳の高齢者30名と平均年齢22.03歳の若年者30名が研究に参加した。また、「高齢者用スコア付き口腔筋機能評価プロトコル」と「拡張スコア付き口腔筋機能評価プロトコル」を用いた。唇と舌の先端と背の圧力の評価は、バイオフィードバック装置Pró-Fonoを使用して実施した：唇と舌の圧力

METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study. Thirty seniors with an average age of 67.13 years and thirty young adults with an average age of 22.03 years participated in the study. The Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol with Scores for the Elderly and the Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol with Expanded Scores were also used. The evaluation of the force of pressure of the lips and tip and dorsum of the tongue were carried out using the Biofeedback device Pró-Fono: Lip and Tongue Pressure.

結果:

顔面、頬、口唇、メンタリス筋、舌、口唇、舌、顎、頬の可動性、咀嚼・嚥下機能、総時間と咀嚼ストローク、先端圧と舌背の様相・姿勢については、若年成人の方が評価点が高かったです。構造方程式モデリングによると、舌背圧接力と嚥下機能との間に直接的な関係が認められた。

RESULTS: Young adults had a higher evaluation score for the aspect/posture of the face, cheeks, lips, mentalis muscle, tongue, mobility of lips, tongue, jaw and cheeks, chewing and swallowing functions, total time and chewing strokes, and tip pressure and dorsum of tongue. According to the structural equation modeling, a direct relationship was found between the tongue dorsum pressure force and the swallowing function.

結論:

健康な加齢に伴い、唇、舌、顎、頬の外観、姿勢、可動性に変化が生じ、高齢者では咀嚼・嚥下機能の低下が見られる。

CONCLUSION: With healthy aging changes occurring in the appearance, posture and mobility of the lips, tongue, jaw and cheeks, with the seniors and reduced performance of chewing and swallowing functions.