トルコ人双生児におけるう蝕、口腔習癖、咬合形質への遺伝の寄与：比較研究

The contribution of genetics to dental caries, oral habits and occlusal traits in Turkish twins: A comparative study.

抄録

目的:

本研究の目的は、う蝕の有病率、口腔習癖の頻度、臼歯関係、咬合形質を多胎児と単胎児の間で調査・比較し、双生児研究デザインを用いてこれらのパラメータに対する遺伝と環境因子の相対的な寄与を明らかにすることである。

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate and compare the prevalence of dental caries and the frequency of oral habits, molar relationships and occlusal traits between children of multiple births, and singletons, and to determine the relative contributions of genetics and environmental factors to these parameters by using twin study design.

方法:

2歳から17歳までの多胎児345人（一卵性双生児34組、二卵性双生児122組、三つ子11組）と単胎児345人を対象とした。う蝕の有病率、歯磨きの頻度、小児の口腔習慣、臼歯関係、咬合形質を記録した。

METHODS: The study group consisted of 345 multiple births (34 monozygotic and 122 dizygotic twin pairs, 11 sets of triplets) and 345 singletons between the ages of 2 and 17. The prevalence of dental caries, and the frequency of tooth brushing, the children's oral habits, molar relationships, and occlusal traits were recorded.

結果:

1日に2回以上歯を磨く子どもの割合は、単胎児よりも多胎児で統計学的に有意に高かった。一卵性双生児ペアでは、二卵性双生児ペアと比較して、虫歯、充填歯（df）（2～5歳）、充填歯（f）（6～11歳）を除くう蝕指数において高い相関係数が認められた。6～11歳の小児では、口呼吸、ブラキシズム、唇咬合、鉛筆咬合が多胎児よりも一胎生児で高かった。多胎児と一胎児の間には統計学的に有意な差があり、2～5歳ではオーバージェットの増加が観察された。

RESULTS: The percentage of children who brushed their teeth more than twice daily was statistically significantly higher in multiple births than in singletons. Higher correlation coefficients were found in dental caries index, except for decayed, filled (df) (2-5 age group) and filled (f) (6-11 age group), in the monozygotic twin pairs compared to those in the dizygotic twin pairs. In children between the ages of 6 and 11 years, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, and pencil biting were higher in singletons than in children of multiple births. There were statistically significant differences between children of multiple births and singletons, with increased overjet in the 2-5 year age group being observed.

結論:

これらのパラメータを分析する際には、環境因子も調査する必要がある。双生児の出生率が低いため、これらの結果が一般化できるかどうかを判断するには、より多くの双生児ペアを用いた縦断的追跡調査が必要である。

CONCLUSION: When analyzing these parameters, environmental factors must also be investigated. Due to the low incidence of twin births, longitudinal follow-up studies with more twin pairs are necessary to determine whether these results are generalizable.