将来の両親のための学校と生後1年目の初回予防検診が口腔習慣に与える影響

Impact of school for future parents and first preventive examination in the first year of life on oral habits.

抄録

妊娠中は、幼児う蝕の一次予防を推進する理想的な時期である。生後1年目に初めて歯科検診を受けることは非常に重要である。この研究の目的は、将来の両親のための学校と子供の最初の歯科検診が、子供の口腔習慣にどのような影響を与えるかを調べることである。小児歯科専門医は、将来の両親のための学校とコースの実施、および子どもの良好な口腔衛生のためのタイムリーなケアに関与した。親が子どもの歯科検診に肯定的な回答をした1歳児と2歳児全員を対象とした。1回目の検査では、園への出席状況、保護者が歯科検診をどのように予約したか、子どもがのどが渇いたときに何を飲むか、1日に何回歯を磨くか、歯磨き粉の使用状況などを調べた。2回目の検査では、子どもがのどが渇いたときに何を飲むか、親が1日に何回子どもの歯を磨くか、歯磨き粉の使用状況を調べた。その結果、スクールに参加している保護者は、スクールに参加していない保護者に比べ、子どもの最初の予防歯科検診の予約（<0.001）、子どもの歯磨き、歯磨き粉の使用（<0.001）が多かった。しかし、子どもがのどが渇いたときに飲ませるものについては、両群間に差はなかった（＝0.69）。年生になると、すべての保護者が歯磨き粉を使用し、歯磨きの回数が増え、甘い飲み物を飲む回数も増えた（＜0.001）。親子間の口腔習慣（歯磨きの頻度、歯磨き粉の使用）の意識向上には成功したが、のどの渇きに対する飲酒行動は変化しなかった。

Pregnancy is an ideal time to promote the primary prevention of early childhood caries. It is crucial to have a child's first dental examination in the first year of life. The aim of this study was to find out how the School for future parents and the child's first dental examination affect children's oral habits. A specialist pediatric dentist was involved in the implementation of the School for future parents and the courses and on timely care for the good oral health of the child. We examined all one- and two-year-olds whose parents responded positively to a dental examination for their child. During the first examination, we considered attendance at the School, how the parents booked the dental examination, what the child drinks when thirsty, how many times a day they brush their children's teeth and toothpaste use. During the second examination, we considered what the child drinks when thirsty, how many times a day the parents brush their children's teeth and toothpaste use. The results showed that participants in the School were more likely to book their children's first preventive, consultative dental examination ( < 0.001), brush their children's teeth, and use toothpaste ( < 0.001) than parents who did not attend the school. However, there was no difference between the two groups regarding what parents gave their children to drink when they were thirsty ( = 0.69). In the child's second year, all the parents used toothpaste, brushed their children's teeth more often, and their children drank sweet drinks more often than before the first examination ( < 0.001). We have succeeded in raising awareness of good oral habits among parents and children (the frequency of brushing children's teeth and the using toothpaste), but not changed the behavior in the type of drinking against thirst.